|
Mission
|
Launch Date
|
Accomplishment
|
Data
|
Landing location or orbital
parameters
|
|
Luna 1
|
01/02/59
|
first lunar flyby
|
|
|
|
Luna 2
|
09/12/59
|
first lunar impact
|
|
Flank of crater Autolycus,
lat 30oN., long 0o.
|
|
Luna 3
|
10/04/59
|
first photos of lunar farside
|
P
|
Farside and east limb; altitude,
65,000 km.
|
|
Ranger 3
|
01/26/62
|
missed the Moon by 36,793 km
|
|
|
|
Luna 4
|
04/02/63
|
missed the Moon by 8,500 km
|
|
|
|
Ranger 4
|
04/23/62
|
crashed on the lunar farside
|
|
|
|
Ranger 5
|
10/18/62
|
missed the Moon by 724 km
|
|
|
|
Ranger 6
|
01/30/64
|
impact lander; television failed
|
|
|
|
Ranger 7
|
07/28/64
|
impact lander
|
P
|
Mare Nubium (Cognitum), lat
10.6oS.,long 20.7oW.
|
|
Ranger 8
|
02/17/65
|
impact lander
|
P
|
Mare Tranquillitatis, lat.
2.6oN., long 24.7oE.
|
|
Ranger 9
|
03/21/65
|
impaact lander
|
P
|
Floor of crater Alphonsus,
lat 12.9oS., long 2.4oW
|
|
Luna 5
|
05/09/65
|
crashed on the Moon
|
|
|
|
Luna 6
|
06/08/65
|
missed the Moon by 161,000
km
|
|
|
|
Zond 3
|
07/18/65
|
photographed lunar farside
|
P
|
Farside and west limb; altitude,
9,960 to 11,570 km.
|
|
Luna 7
|
10/04/65
|
crashed on the Moon
|
|
|
|
Luna 8
|
12/03/65
|
crashed on the Moon
|
|
|
|
Luna 9
|
01/31/66
|
first lunar soft landing
|
P
|
Oceanus Procellarum, lat 7.1oN.,long
65.4oW.
|
|
Luna 10
|
03/31/66
|
first lunar satellite
|
SE,CO
|
Perilune, 350 km.
|
|
Suveyor 1
|
05/30/66
|
first soft-landing robot laboratory
|
P,SM
|
Mare in crater Flamsteed P,
lat 2.5oS., long 43.2oW.
|
|
Lunar Orbiter 1
|
08/10/66
|
lunar satellite
|
P,R,SE,M
|
Inclination, 12o,perilunes,
190 and 40 km.
|
|
Luna 11
|
08/24/66
|
lunar satellite
|
P
|
Perilune, 165 km.
|
|
Luna 12
|
10/22/66
|
lunar satellite
|
P,M,SE
|
Perilune, 100 km.
|
|
Lunar Orbiter 2
|
11/06/66
|
lunar satellite
|
P,R,SE,M
|
Inclination, 12o;
perilune, 50 km.
|
|
Luna 13
|
12/21/66
|
soft landing on the Moon
|
P,C
|
Oceanus Procellarum, lat 18.9oN.,
long 62.1oW.
|
|
Lunar Orbiter 3
|
02/05/67
|
lunar satellite
|
P,R,SE,M
|
Inclination, 21o;
perilune, 55 km.
|
|
Surveyor 3
|
04/17/67
|
soft-landing robot laboratory
|
P,SM
|
Oceanus Procellarun, lat 3.2oS.,
long 23.4oW.
|
|
Lunar Orbiter 4
|
05/04/67
|
lunar satellite
|
P,R,SE,M
|
Inclination, 85o;
periline, 2,705 km.
|
|
Explorer 35
|
07/19/67
|
lunar satellite
|
|
Perilune, 830 km (returned
data until Feb. 1972)
|
|
Lunar Orbiter 5
|
08/01/67
|
lunar satellite
|
P,R,SE,M
|
Inclination, 85o;
perilunes, 195 and 100 km.
|
|
Surveyor 5
|
09/08/67
|
soft-landed robot laboratory
|
P,SM,C
|
Mare Tranquillitatis, lat 1.4oN.,
long 23.1oE.
|
|
Surveyor 6
|
11/07/67
|
soft-landed robot laboratory
|
P,SM,C
|
Sinus Medi, lat 0.5oN.,
long 1.5oW.
|
|
Surveyor 7
|
01/07/68
|
soft-landed robot laboratory
|
P,SM,C
|
Flank of crater Tycho, lat
40.9oS., long 11.5oW.
|
|
Luna 14
|
04/07/68
|
lunar satellite
|
|
|
|
Zond 5
|
09/14/68
|
first lunar flyby and Earth
return
|
|
|
|
Zond 6
|
11/10/68
|
lunar flyby and Earth return
|
P
|
Altitude >3,300 km.
|
|
Apollo 8 (G)+
|
12/21/68
|
first humans to orbit the Moon
|
P
|
Perilune 110 km.
|
|
Apollo 10 (G)+
|
05/18/69
|
first docking maneuvers in
lunar orbit
|
P
|
Best perilune, 15 km.
|
|
Luna 15
|
07/13/69
|
crashed on the Moon
|
|
|
|
Apollo 11 (H)+
|
07/16/69
|
first humans on the Moon (07/20/69)
|
P,S,SM,G,M,SW,D
|
Mare Tranquillitatis, lat 0.7oN.,
23.4oE.
|
|
Zond 7
|
08/08/69
|
lunar flyby and Earth return
|
P
|
Southern farside and west limb;
perilune, 2,200 km ?
|
|
Apollo 12 (H)+
|
11/14/69
|
second human landing on the
Moon
|
P,S,SM,G,M,SW,D,A
|
Oceanus Procellarum, lat 3.2oS.,long
23.4oW
|
|
Apollo 13 (H)+
|
04/11/70
|
aborted human landing
|
P
|
Southern farside and west limb.
|
|
Luna 16
|
09/12/70
|
first robot sample return (100
g)
|
S
|
Mare Fecunditatis, lat 0.7oS.,
long 56.3oE.
|
|
Zond 8
|
10/20/70
|
lunar flyby and Earth return
|
P
|
Altitude > 1,120 km.
|
|
Luna 17
|
11/10/70
|
first robot rover (322 days,
10.5 km)
|
P,C,SM,R
|
Sinus Iridum, lat 38.3oN.,
long 35.0oW.
|
|
Apollo 14 (H)+
|
01/31/71
|
third human landing on the
Moon
|
P,S,SM,G,SW,D,A
|
Fra Mauro highlands, lat 3.7oS.,
long 17.5oW.
|
|
Apollo 15 (J)+
|
07/26/71
|
fourth human landing on the
Moon
|
P,S,C,SM,R,G,CO,SE,SW,D,A
|
Apennine-Hadley region, lat
26.1oN., long 3.7oE.
|
|
Luna 18
|
09/02/71
|
crashed on the Moon
|
|
|
|
Luna 19
|
09/28/71
|
lunar satellite
|
P,SE
|
Best perilune, 77 km (?)
|
|
Luna 20
|
02/14/72
|
second robot sample return
(30 g)
|
P,S
|
Crisium-basin rim. lat 3.5oN.,
long 56.5oE.
|
|
Apollo 16 (J)+
|
04/16/72
|
fifth human landing on the
Moon
|
P,S,C,SM,R,G,CO,SE,A
|
Descartes highlands, lat 9.0oS.,
long 15.5oE.
|
|
Apollo 17 (J)+
|
12/07/72
|
sixth human landing on the
Moon
|
P,S,SM,R,G,SE,M
|
Taurus-Littrow Valley, lat
20.2oN., long 30.8oE.
|
|
Luna 21
|
01/08/73
|
robot lunar rover (139 days,
37 km)
|
P,C,SM,R
|
Mare in crater Le Monnier,
lat 25.8oN., long 30.5oE.
|
|
Luna 22
|
05/29/74/
|
lunar satellite
|
P
|
|
|
Luna 23
|
10/28/74
|
failed robot sampler
|
|
|
|
Luna 24
|
08/09/76
|
third robot sample return (170
g)
|
S
|
Mare Crisium, lat 12.7oN.,
long 62.2oE.
|
|
Galileo
|
10/18/89
|
lunar flyby
|
|
|
|
Hiten (Muses A)
|
01/24/90
|
|
|
|
|
Clementine
|
01/25/94
|
lunar satellite
|
|
|
|
Cassini
|
10/15/97
|
lunar flyby
|
|
|
|
Lunar Prospector
|
01/07/98
|
lunar satellite
|
|
|