Nordlingen, Germany
May 7-13, 2011

Description

I was in Nordlingen, Germany for a Dawn science team meeting. Nordlingen is a medieval-era walled town that is located inside of the Ries Crater, a ~15 mile diameter impact crater that formed ~14 Myr ago. Interestingly, the large church in the center of town, and parts of many other buildings, are built out of suevite, an impact-generated rock that's abundant in the area, but it was not until recently that Ries was identified as an impact crater. The suevite, and the crater itself were originally assumed to be volcanic in origin. Around 1960, Geologists Eugene Shoemaker and Edward Chao discovered shocked quartz in the suevite, which can only be formed in the high pressures associated with meteorite impacts.

More info and a virtual tour of the Ries Crater can be found here.

Photos

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One of the buildings of our hotel and conference center
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Shots from around town
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The St. George church, which is made mostly of suevite
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Sample of suevite in the church museum
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Close up of one of the suevite walls of the church
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Shots and panorama from the top of the church, which was by far the tallest thing around. You can see the walls of the town, and the hills in the distance are the crater rim.
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One of the guard towers around the town wall
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There were a lot of pigs like this one around the town. According to the story, in 1440 some of the guards of the town were bribed to leave a gate unlocked so that outsiders could invade. A woman spotted a pig rubbing up against the gate and pushing it open and alerted the authorities. The guards later confessed in court to what they did, and were executed. So the Nordlingers like their pigs...
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Shots from a walk around the town wall. The church is prominent in the center here
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Nordlingen from a distance, on our way to one of the geology stops on our first day of field trips
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Stop 1: Riegelburg, a large mega-block of limestone that was moved and tilted during the impact. It also has some small caves in which a number of skulls were found buried.
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Old Roman ruins, I believe
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Stop 2: Altenburg quarry, which is where the suevite for the St. George church was mined. It was off-limits to us because of goat-breeding season. More info here.
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Stop 3: Otting quarry, which was fairly overgrown and no longer active, but we collected some of our own samples there. It's also where Shoemaker and Cho first discovered shocked quartz in the suevite, a clear sign of an impact event. More info here.
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A church where we stopped at the end of the day. I can't remember where it was or what it was called, but it was conveniently located next to a Biergarten, which I think was the main point of the stop!
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Yes, this is a skeleton chilling out in a glass case. You don't really see that in US churches
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Heading back into town...
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The Ries Crater Museum (located on a street named after Shoemaker)
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Another pig
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Oddly deformed building next to the hotel
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A joker saying "Now there are two of us"
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A tour of the St. George church
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Not exactly sure what this sign means...
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More shots of the town guard towers
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Another day of field trips! Stop 1: Wengenhausen, a crystalline mega-block in which some shatter cones from the impact event have been found, although we didn't find any. More info here.
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Stop 2: Aumuhle quarry, where the suevite overlays another type of impact rock called the bunte breccia. While the suevite formed from highly-shocked material near the impact point, much of which was launched into the atmosphere in the impact plume, the bunte breccia consists of material like shales and limestones that were less-shocked but still moved and jumbled together by the impact. We collected some of our own samples of these rocks. More info here.
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The Gundelsheim quarry, located outside the crater, where bunte breccia that was ejected from the crater overlays some of the pre-existing limestone. More info here.
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We had our official science team dinner in a castle! The upcoming Tucson meeting has a lot to live up to...
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