Hold the Date
July 14-18: 87th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society
×The 87th annual meeting of The Meteoritical Society will take place from July 14-18, 2025 at the Perth Convention and Exhibition Center (PCEC) in Perth, Western Australia.
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Revealing the Lives of Planet-Forming Disks
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By National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) and Daniel Stolte, University Communications June 13, 2025
An international team of astronomers including researchers at the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory has unveiled groundbreaking findings about the disks of gas and dust surrounding nearby young stars, using the powerful Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, or ALMA.
The findings, published in 12 papers in a focus issue of the Astrophysical Journal, are part of an ALMA large program called the ALMA Survey of Gas Evolution of PROtoplanetary Disks, or AGE-PRO. AGE-PRO observed 30 planet-forming disks around sunlike stars to measure gas disk mass at different ages. The study revealed that gas and dust components in these disks evolve at different rates.
Prior ALMA observations have examined the evolution of dust in disks; AGE-PRO, for the first time, traces the evolution of gas, providing the first measurements of gas disk masses and sizes across the lifetime of planet-forming disks, according to the project's principal investigator, Ke Zhang of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
"Now we have both, the gas and the dust," said Ilaria Pascucci, a professor at planetary sciences at the U of A and one of three AGE-PRO co-principal investigators. "Observing the gas is much more difficult because it takes much more observing time, and that's why we have to go for a large program like this one to obtain a statistically significant sample."
A protoplanetary disk swirls around its host star for several million years as its gas and dust evolve and dissipate, setting the timescale for giant planets to form. The disk's initial mass and size, as well as its angular momentum, have a profound influence on the type of planet it could form – gas giants, icy giants or mini-Neptunes – and migration paths of planets. The lifetime of the gas within the disk determines the timescale for the growth of dust particles to an object the size of an asteroid, the formation of a planet and finally the planet's migration from where it was born.
In one of the survey's most surprising findings, the team discovered that as disks age, their gas and dust are consumed at different rates and undergo a shift in gas-to-dust mass ratio as the disks evolve: Unlike the dust, which tends to remain inside the disk over a longer time span, the gas disperses relatively quickly, then more slowly as the disk ages. In other words, planet-forming disks blow off more of their gas when they're young.
Zhang said the most surprising finding is that although most disks dissipate after a few million years, the ones that survive have more gas than expected. This would suggest that gaseous planets like Jupiter have less time to form than rocky planets.
ALMA's unique sensitivity allowed researchers to use faint, so-called molecular lines to study the cold gas in these disks, characteristic wavelengths of a light spectrum that essentially act as "fingerprints," identifying different species of gas molecules. The first large-scale chemical survey of its kind, AGE-PRO targeted 30 planet-forming disks in three star-forming regions, ranging from 1 million to 6 million years in age: Ophiuchus (youngest), Lupus (1-3 million years old), and Upper Scorpius (oldest). Using ALMA, AGE-PRO obtained observations of key tracers of gas and dust masses in disks spanning crucial stages of their evolution, from their earliest formation to their eventual dispersal. This ALMA data will serve as a comprehensive legacy library of spectral line observations for a large sample of disks at different evolutionary stages.
Dingshan Deng, a graduate student at LPL who is the lead author on one of the papers, provided the data reduction – essentially, the image analyses needed to get from radio signals to optical images of the disks – for the star-forming region in the constellation of Lupus (Latin for "wolf").
"Thanks to these new and long observations, we now have the ability to estimate and trace the gas masses, not only for the brightest and better studied disks in that region, but also the smaller and fainter ones," he said. "Thanks to the discovery of gas tracers in many disks where it hadn't been seen before, we now have a well-studied sample covering a wide range of disk masses in the Lupus star-forming region."
"It took years to figure out the proper data reduction approach and analysis to produce the images used in this paper for the gas masses and in many other papers of the collaboration," Pascucci added.
Carbon monoxide is the most widely used chemical tracer in protoplanetary disks, but to thoroughly measure the mass of gas in a disk, additional molecular tracers are needed. AGE-PRO used N2H+, or diazenylium, an ion used as an indicator for nitrogen gas in interstellar clouds, as an additional gas tracer to significantly improve the accuracy of measurements. ALMA's detections were also set up to receive spectral light signatures from other molecules, including formaldehyde, methyl cyanide and several molecular species containing deuterium, a hydrogen isotope.
"Another finding that surprised us was that the mass ratio between the gas and dust tends to be more consistent across disks of different masses than expected," Deng said. "In other words, different-size disks will share a similar gas-to-dust mass ratio, whereas the literature suggested that smaller disks might shed their gas faster."
Funding for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation, the European Research Council, the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, FONDECYT (Chile) among other sources. For full funding information, see the research paper.
UA News - Revealing the Lives of Planet-Forming Disks
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Kuiper 351 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
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Kuiper 243 | Undergraduate Student Employee | |
Molaro, Jamie | DCC Visiting Scientist (Nolan) | ||
Montano, Megan | Kuiper 429 | Research Technician, OSIRIS-APEX | |
Moradi, Ashraf | Kuiper 409A | Postdoctoral Research Associate | |
Moruzzi, Samantha | Kuiper 320 | 520-626-5479 | PTYS Graduate Student |
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Muralidharan, Krishna | Mines 125E | 520-626-8997 | Professor |
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Kuiper 334 | 520-621-1632 | PTYS Graduate Student |
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Sonett 25 | Assistant Research Professor | |
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Kuiper 322 | 520-621-1485 | PTYS Graduate Student |
Nielsen, Sarah | Undergraduate Student Employee, OSIRIS-REx | ||
Nolan, Michael | Kuiper 429B | 520-626-1978 | Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor |
O'Brien, Patrick | Kuiper 523C | DCC Research Associate | |
O'Connell, James | Sonett 25 | 520-626-9487 | Undergraduate Student Employee |
Okubo, Chris | 520-626-1458 | DCC Visiting Scholar (McEwen) | |
Ong, Iunn | Kuiper 241 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Orosco, Bertha she/her |
Kuiper 325 | 520-626-6713 | Administrative Associate |
Oved, Jesse he/him |
Kuiper 450A | Undergraduate Student Employee | |
Papendick, Singleton | Sonett 218 | 520-626-6715 | Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE |
Pascucci, Ilaria | Kuiper 532 | 520-626-5373 | Professor |
Paton, Henry he/him/his |
Kuiper 231 | Undergraduate Student Employee | |
Pearson, Neil | Kuiper 243/245 | 520-626-5610 | DCC Lab Manager (Reddy) |
Pedroza, Francisco | Kuiper 339 | 520-621-6967 | Undergraduate Student Employee |
Pelletier, Jon | Gould-Simpson 360 | 520-621-2126 | Professor |
Perry, Jason | Sonett 119H | 520-621-2498 | Staff Technician, HiRISE |
Petersen, Scott he/him |
Kuiper 231 | Undergraduate Student Employee | |
Philbrick, Jeremy | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Phillips, Michael | Kuiper 450 | Researcher/Scientist | |
Plassmann, Joe | Sonett 205 | 520-621-6946 | Computing Systems Manager, PIRL/HiRISE |
Polit, Anjani she/her |
Kuiper 429F | 520-626-1138 | Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX |
Prince, Beau he/him |
Kuiper 318 | 520-626-5464 | PTYS Graduate Student |
Qureshi, Ahmad he/him/his |
Space Grant Intern | ||
Ranjan, Sukrit he/him |
Kuiper 428 | 520-626-5874 | Assistant Professor |
Rankin, David | Kuiper 509J | 520-621-6899 | R&D Operations Engineer, Catalina Sky Survey |
Ravi, Rajat | Graduate Astrobiology Minor | ||
Read, Michael | Kuiper 211 | 520-621-2876 | Chief Engineer/Observer, Spacewatch |
Reddy, Vishnu | Kuiper 233 | 1-808-342-8932, 520-621-6969 | Professor |
Reese, Tyler | Kuiper 351 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Register, Ashley she/her |
Kuiper 353 | 520-621-6943 | Teaching Teams Intern |
Rieke, George | Steward 272 | 520-621-2832 | Regents Professor |
Rinaldi, Stephanie | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Rizk, Bashar | Kuiper 429G | 520-621-1160, 520-240-5988 | Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist, OSIRIS-REx/OCAMS |
Robinson, Tyler he/him/his |
Kuiper 417 | 520-626-6077 | Associate Professor |
Robinthal, Lily she/her |
Kuiper 326 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Robison, Marcela she/her |
Kuiper 339C | 520-621-4505 | Grant and Contract Administrator |
Robison, Sue | Sonett 107 | Business Manager, Senior, HiRISE | |
Roy, Arkadeep | Graduate PTYS Minor | ||
Russell, Joellen | Gould-Simpson 309 | 520-626-2194 | Department Head, Geosciences, University Distinguished Professor |
Ryan, Andrew | Kuiper 519D | 520-626-6966 | Researcher/Scientist, OSIRIS-REx |
Saedi-Marghmaleki, Isaac | Sonett 10B | R&D Engineer (Bray) | |
Salazar, Savannah she/her/hers |
Kuiper 519E | 520-621-2343 | Administrative Associate |
Saltzman, Tisha | Sonett 163 | 520-621-2065 | Manager, Business-Finance, GUSTO, Manager, Business-Finance, NEO Surveyor |
Sanchez, Juan | Kuiper 243 | 520-621-2692 | Visiting Scientist |
Sandel, Bill | Sonett 145 | 520-621-4073 | Senior Research Scientist (Retired) |
Santander, Erma | Manager, Faculty Affairs | ||
Santra, Pratik | Graduate PTYS Minor | ||
Schaller, Christian | Sonett 102E | 520-626-0767 | Spacecraft Operations Software Engineer, HiRISE |
Scheidt, Stephen | DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Hamilton) | ||
Schools, Joseph | Kuiper 237 | 520-626-3806 | Researcher/Scientist |
Schwartz, Stephen | DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug) | ||
Scotti, James | Kuiper 209 | 520-621-2717, 520-578-8739 | Observer, Spacewatch |
Seaman, Robert | Kuiper 517 | 520-621-4077 | Data Engineer, Senior, Data Engineer, Senior, Catalina Sky Survey |
Shah, Manav Kamlesh | TEM User | ||
Shankarappa, Niranjana | Kuiper 423 | 520-626-6589 | Graduate PTYS Minor |
Sharma, Kunal he/him/his |
Kuiper 11 | FIB-SEM User | |
Sheeley, Neil | Kuiper 423 | 520-626-5065 | DCC Visiting Research Scientist (Giacalone) |
Shelly, Frank | Kuiper 501B | 520-621-6899 | Senior Systems Programmer, Catalina Sky Survey |
Siegler, Matthew | DCC Associate Research (Marley) | ||
Sing, David | DCC Visiting Associate Professor (Marley) | ||
Singh, Christina she/her |
Kuiper 351 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Smith, Peter | Professor Emeritus | ||
Smith, Kayla | Kuiper 351 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Smith, Cade he/him |
Kuiper 531 | Undergraduate Space Grant Intern | |
Smith, Lucas | Kuiper 235A | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Smith, Savannah | Kuiper 519D | Scientific Analyst | |
Sorich, Aviana | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Soto Robles, Paulina she/her |
Kuiper 436 | Research Data Support Specialist | |
Spitale, Joseph | Kuiper 423A | Instructional Specialist | |
Spring, Isaiah | Graduate PTYS Minor | ||
Stephenson, Peter | Kuiper 239 | 520-621-2127 | Postdoctoral Research Associate |
Strom, Robert | Professor Emeritus | ||
Sutton, Sarah she/her |
Sonett 207 | 520-626-0759 | Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist |
Swindle, Timothy | Kuiper 422 | 520-621-4128 | Professor Emeritus |
Systems, LPL | Kuiper 444 | 520-621-5462 | |
Tanquary, Hannah | Kuiper 220/222 | 520-621-3595 | Lab User, ASPERA |
Taylor, Anna She/Her |
Kuiper 201 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Tomasko, Martin | Research Professor (Retired) | ||
Troike, RC | Kuiper 339, Kuiper 347 | Undergraduate Student Employee | |
Truong, Daniel | Kuiper 220 | 520-621-3595 | R&D Engineer/Scientist |
Tubbiolo, Andrew | Kuiper 211 | 520-621-2876 | Engineer/Observer, Spacewatch |
Tucker, Wesley | Kuiper 440 | Postdoctoral Research Associate | |
Tuohy, Madison | Kuiper 201 | Graduate Student, Other | |
Uppnor, Sumedha | Kuiper 220/222 | 520-621-3595 | Lab User, ASPERA |
Van Auken, Robin | Kuiper 351 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Vance, Leonard | Graduate PTYS Minor | ||
Vargas, Carlos | Kuiper 220/222 | 520-621-3595 | Lab User, ASPERA |
Varnam, Matthew | DCC Research Associate (Hamilton) | ||
Vega Santiago, Nathalia | Kuiper 201 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Verts, Bill | Kuiper 220/222 | 520-621-3595 | Lab User, ASPERA |
Vider, Jacob | Kuiper 220/222 | 520-621-3595 | Lab User, ASPERA |
Voigt, Joana | DCC Research Associate (Hamilton) | ||
Wang, Jingyu | Kuiper 322 | PTYS Graduate Student | |
Webmaster, LPL | 520-621-2828 | ||
Wehbi, Sawsan | Graduate Astrobiology Minor | ||
Wells, Mathew | Kuiper 519C | 520-626-9098 | Administrative Associate |
Westermann, Mathilde | Kuiper 534 | 520-621-4382 | Lead GIS Development Engineer, OSIRIS-REx |
Wheeler, Andrew | Graduate Astrobiology Minor | ||
Wierzchos, Kacper | Kuiper 509J | 520-621-6899 | Research Specialist, Senior, Catalina Sky Survey |
Williams, Michael | Lead Engineer, Spaceflight | ||
Wilmarth, Lindsay she/her |
Undergraduate Student Employee | ||
Windsor, James He/Him/His |
Postdoctoral Research Associate | ||
Wolner, Catherine she/they |
Kuiper 519B | 520-621-6095 | Editor, OSIRIS-REx |
Wondrak, Philip | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Woodney, Laura | DCC Visiting Professor (Harris) | ||
Wray, James | DCC Associate Research (McEwen) | ||
Wu, Bo-Han | TEM User | ||
Xie, Chengyan | Kuiper 324 | 520-626-3814 | PTYS Graduate Student |
Ye, Piaoran | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Yelle, Roger | Kuiper 525 | 520-621-6243, 520-320-0386 | Professor |
Yescas, Naomi She/Her |
Kuiper 220, Kuiper 423 | 520-626-6626 | R&D Electrical Engineer |
Youdin, Andrew | Steward Obs N418 | 520-626-4731 | Professor |
Yusufoglu, Muhammed | Kuiper 9 | Raman User | |
Zega, Tom | Kuiper 522 | 520-626-1356 | Professor |
Zeszut, Zoe | Kuiper 19D | 520-621-5944 | Researcher/Scientist |
Zhang, Liang | Kuiper 11 | FIB-SEM User |

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 438
Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
My research focuses on understanding the processes acting on the surfaces and interiors of the solid-surface planets and moons in our solar system. I am interested in geodynamic, tectonic, magmatic, hydrologic, and climatic processes, at scales ranging from local to global. To this end, I combine the analysis of gravity, topography, and other remote sensing datasets with numerical modeling. Current research interests include terrestrial planet tectonics, volcanism, impact basins, and hydrology; with projects on the Moon, Mars, Venus, and Pluto.
Ph.D., 2006, Washington University
Years with LPL: 2017

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Steward N208B
Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Dr. Apai’s research focuses on exoplanetary systems, including planet formation, planetary atmospheres, exoplanet discovery and characterization. His work covers habitable and non-habitable small exoplanets, gas giant exoplanets, and brown dwarfs.
Read more about Dr. Apai's research on his website and blog on exoplanet exploration and astrobiology.
Ph.D., 2004, University of Heidelberg
Years with LPL: 2011 to present

Erik Asphaug
PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 424
Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
I study giant impacts that dominate the late stage of planet and satellite formation, such as that which formed the Moon, that can explain why planets are so diverse and sometimes hemispherically dichotomous. I also study the geophysics of asteroids, comets and small moons, the 'small bodies' left over from accretion. I study the strength properties of meteorites and the origin of chondrules. Motivated students have led me to study other topics such as lakes and patterned ground on Mars, the delivery of volatiles to the lunar surface, and Saturn's rings. I am on the science team of NASA's Psyche mission, and ESA's Hera mission to Didymos, and JAXA's MMX mission to the Martian moons. I am Science PI of the SpaceTREx laboratory at U Arizona that is advancing miniaturized space exploration and small cubesat laboratories for low-gravity research.
B.S., 1984, Rice University; Ph.D., 1993, University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 2017

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 436
Travis Barman
Professor
Exoplanets
My research delves into both theoretical and observational aspects of extrasolar planets. As a lead developer of the PHOENIX model atmosphere code, I am responsible for maintaining and expanding its abilities to predict and interpret the atmospheric properties of exoplanets and brown dwarfs. My theoretical work is used extensively in ground-based direct-imaging planet search programs, in particular as a lead investigator for the new Gemini Planet Imager Survey. I am also heavily involved in programs focused on spectroscopy of extrasolar planets, from transiting to directly imaged. By comparing theoretical model spectra to real photometric and spectroscopic observations, a variety of planet properties can be deduced. Atmospheric structure (horizontal and vertical run of temperature and pressure), surface gravities, chemical composition, and global wind patterns are a few examples of the kinds of planet properties we seek through model observation comparisons.
Ph.D., 2002, University of Georgia
Years with LPL: 2013 to present

Jessica Barnes (She/Her)
PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 540
Jessica Barnes (She/Her)
Associate Professor
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs
My research focuses on understanding the origin and evolution of volatiles in the solar system. I utilize a combination of nano and microanalytical techniques in the Kuiper-Arizona Laboratory for Astromaterials Analysis to study mineralogy, geochemistry, isotopes and petrological histories of a wide range of extraterrestrial materials.
My group is currently engaged in a project under the umbrella of Apollo Next-Generation Sample Analysis (ANGSA) program. The release of sample 71036 presents a unique opportunity to study volatiles in a basalt that has been frozen and specially preserved since its return and to compare those results with basalts of similar bulk chemistries that have been stored at room temperature. This exceptional suite of basalts also offers a chance to unravel the history of volatile loss on the Moon, from the onset of mineral crystallization through vesicle formation, sampling, and subsequent curation. We are conducting a detailed study of the major, minor, and volatile element chemistry (including H isotopes) of H-bearing minerals and melt inclusions in four Apollo 17 basalts, and to determine the U-Pb and Ar ages of the basalts.
Other ongoing projects include investigating the petrology of igneous lunar samples, coordinated microanalysis of meteorites to investigate the evolution of water in the Martian crust, and studies aimed at assessing the inventories and origins of volatiles on primitive chondritic and achondritic asteroids. The latter includes studies of samples recently returned from asteroid Bennu by the OSIRIS-REx space mission.
Ph.D., 2015, The Open University and The Natural History Museum, London UK
Years with LPL: Fall 2019

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Sonett 214
Veronica Bray (She/Her)
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Dr. Veronica Bray is Planetary Scientist and Spacecraft Science Operations Engineer at the University of Arizona. Dr Bray's past and current research projects focus on impact cratering, channel formation, fracturing and landscape evolution on a variety of planetary bodies - both rocky and icy. She uses observations at multiple wavelengths, computer modeling, terrestrial fieldwork and theoretical analysis to study the surface processes themselves and also the surface/sub-surface properties of planetary bodies.
Please note I am not planning to accept new graduate students in 2024-2025. You can find opportunities being advertised with other LPL faculty here: Current Research Opportunities.
Ph.D., 2008, Imperial College London
Years with LPL: 2008-present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 524
Shane Byrne (He/Him)
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
I am interested in surface processes on planetary bodies throughout the solar system, especially those processes that affect, or are driven by, planetary ices. I enjoy working with a diverse group of graduate students and postdocs. Our areas of activity include Martian ice stability, polar stratigraphy and connection to past climates; Ceres ice, both cryovolcanic and as a source of water vapor; and ice-sublimation landforms on a variety of bodies.
Missions are a big part of what we do. I’m a co-Investigator on the HiRISE and CaSSIS cameras at Mars and a Guest Investigator on the Dawn mission at Ceres. I’m also the director of the Space Imagery Center, a NASA Regional Planetary Image Facility. We archive planetary spacecraft and telescopic data not available online and conduct many outreach events.
Ph.D., 2003, California Institute of Technology
Years with LPL: 2007 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 533A
Lynn Carter (she/her)
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dr. Carter’s research interests include volcanism and impact cratering on the terrestrial planets and Moon, surface properties of asteroids and outer Solar System moons, planetary analog field studies, climate change, and the development of radar remote sensing techniques. She is currently the Science Team Lead for the NASA-provided VenSAR radar on the ESA EnVision mission to Venus. She is also a team member on the RIMFAX radar on Mars2020/Perseverance, the Shadowcam camera on Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter, the REASON radar on Europa Clipper, the Shallow Radar (SHARAD) radar on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, and the Mini-RF radar on Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. She also uses Earth-based telescopic radar data to study polarimetric synthetic aperture images of planets, the Moon and asteroids. She has previously used ground penetrating radar at multiple field sites including Kilauea lava flows and pyroclastics in Hawaii, Sunset crater and Meteor crater in Arizona, and permafrost sites near Bonanza Creek outside of Fairbanks Alaska. She is also part of a team at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center developing a polarimetric digital beamforming radar system for planetary or Earth orbiter missions. This radar system was recently awarded First Runner Up for the NASA Government Invention of the Year Award.
Ph.D., 2005, Cornell University
Years with LPL: 2016 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 526
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina (she/her)
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Ph.D., 2021, University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 2014 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 411
Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Dr. Giacalone's core research interests include understanding the origin, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays, and other charged-particle species in the magnetic fields of space, and general topics in space plasma physics, and astrophysics.
He develops physics-based theoretical and computational models which are used to interpret in situ spacecraft observations. He is interested in the general properties of solar, interplanetary, and galactic magnetic fields.
Currently, he is studying the origin of large solar-energetic particle events (a.k.a. solar cosmic rays) which involves a number of diverse aspects of solar physics and space physics. He has written papers describing the propagation of solar-flare particles from the Sun to the Earth where they are observed by spacecraft such as ACE, Ulysses, Wind, etc.
He is also interested in the general topic of particle acceleration in astrophysical plasmas.
Ph.D. 1991, University of Kansas
Years with LPL: 1993 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 530
Pierre Haenecour (he/him)
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
“Where the telescope ends, the microscope begins. Which of the two has the grander view?” Victor Hugo (Les Misérables, 1862)
My research focus on the building blocks and early history of the Solar System history, and the origin of life through coordinated in-situ laboratory analyses of circumstellar and interstellar dust grains and organic molecules in unequiliberated planetary materials (e.g., meteorites, micrometeorites and interplanetary dust particles) using nano and microanalytical techniques in the Kuiper-Arizona Laboratory for Astromaterials Analysis and Planetary Materials Research Group. Circumstellar dust grains, also called stardust or presolar grains, formed in previous generations of stars, were included in the materials in the molecular cloud from which our solar system formed, and were preserved in asteroids and comets. As bona fide dust grains from stars, the laboratory analysis of presolar grains provides a 'snapshot' of conditions (e.g., nucleosynthesis, temperature, pressure and dust condensation process) in their parent stars at the time of the grain's formation. Furthermore, as building blocks our own Solar System, the comparison of the chemical composition, abundance and distribution of presolar grains provide us insight into the early stages of solar system formation.
I also use in-situ heating experiments inside electron microscopes (both SEM and TEM) to constrain variations in elemental and isotopic compositions, mineralogies, microstructures, textures and morphologies of bioessential compounds in function of the conditions (e.g., temperature and time) of thermal processes on asteroids. As prebiotic components, understanding the thermal history of these materials is crucial to unveil their origin(s) and evolution, as well as to constrain the delivery of bioessential elements to the Earth.
My group is also actively working on getting ready for the analysis of samples from asteroid (101955) Bennu that are being returned to Earth by the NASA OSIRIS-REx mission, and on the NASA Alien Earths project to advance our understanding of how nearby planetary systems formed and which systems are more likely to harbor habitable worlds.
Ph.D., 2016 Washington University in St. Louis
Years with LPL: 2017 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 430
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Dr. Hamilton's research focuses on geological surface processes to better understand the evolution of the Earth and other planetary bodies. His specialty relates to volcanology and specifically to lava flows, magma-water interactions, and explosive eruptions using a combination of field observations, remote sensing, geospatial analysis, machine learning, and geophysical modeling. These topics provide insight into the evolution of planetary interiors, surfaces, and atmospheres through magma production, ascent, and volcanism.
Ph.D., 2010, University of Hawaii
Years with LPL: 2014 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 221
Walter Harris
Professor
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Dr. Harris' research is focused on the structure of thin atmospheres and their transition to and interactions with the space environment. He is particularly interested the information that comet atmospheres provide about basic photochemical processes, the formation of the solar system, and the characteristics of the solar wind. He is also engaged in an ongoing study of the plasma interface between the solar wind and interstellar medium via remote sensing of interstellar neutral material as it passes through the solar system.
In addition to their observational program, Dr. Harris' group has an active instrument development effort in the area of spatial heterodyne spectroscopy, or SHS. SHS instruments occupy a special observational niche by providing very high velocity resolution of angularly extended emission line targets with much higher sensitivity than classical spectroscopy. Current funding for SHS development has led to new instruments for both ground (visible band) and suborbital (far ultraviolet) observations of comets and the interplanetary medium.
Ph.D., 1993, University of Michigan
Years with LPL: 2013 to present

Jack Holt

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 509B
Lon Hood
Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Geophysics
My research is currently focused on two interdisciplinary areas: (1) Coupling between the Earth's stratosphere and troposphere; and (2) mapping and interpretation of planetary crustal magnetic fields. The stratosphere / troposphere coupling work is oriented toward understanding the effects of stratospheric processes (mainly the QBO and solar forcing) on tropospheric circulation and climate. The planetary crustal magnetic field work is most recently aimed at mapping newly acquired orbital magnetometer data at Mercury and at resolving long-standing issues relating to the origin of lunar crustal magnetism.
Ph.D., 1979, UCLA
Years with LPL: 1979 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Drake 115, Kuiper 218
Ellen Howell
Research Professor
Small Bodies
Dr. Howell's research interests are small solar system bodies, asteroids and comets. She uses a variety of observational tools at wavelengths ranging from visible to radio to study the composition, size, shape, and surface structures of these bodies.
Ph.D., 1995, University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 2015 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 431
Kristopher Klein
Associate Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Dr. Klein's research focuses on studying fundamental plasma phenomena that governs the dynamics of systems within our heliosphere as well as more distant astrophysical bodies. He has particular interest in identifying heating and energization mechanisms in turbulent plasmas, such as the Sun's extended atmosphere known as the solar wind, as well as evaluating the effects of the departure from local thermodynamic equilibrium on nearly collisionless plasmas which are ubiquitous in space environments. As part of this work, Prof. Klein is a co-developer of the Arbitrary Linear Plasma Solver (ALPS) numerical dispersion solver, an open source code used for quantifying the behavior of such non-equilibrium systems.
These systems are studied with a combination of analytic theory and numerical simulation, including large-scale nonlinear turbulence codes such as AstroGK, HVM, and gkeyll. These theoretical predictions are compared to in situ observations from spacecraft including NASA's Wind, MMS and Parker Solar Probe mission, as well as the upcoming HelioSwarm mission, which will fly nine spacecraft between the Earth and moon to characterize the transport and dissipation of turbulent energy in space plasmas. By comparing theory with local plasma measurements, we aim to answer a variety of questions about the behavior of plasma in our solar system.
Ph.D., 2013, University of Iowa
Years with LPL: 2017

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 353
Steve Kortenkamp
Professor of Practice
Science education, with an emphasis on developing and exploring techniques for teaching astronomy to students who are blind (developed 3D tactile resources in image below). Planet formation and orbital dynamics of asteroids, dust particles, planetesimals. Children's science author for struggling readers in grades K-8.
Ph.D., 1996, University of Florida
Years with LPL: 2001 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 421
Tommi Koskinen
Associate Department Head, Associate Professor
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dr. Koskinen’s research focuses on the structure and evolution of planet and satellite atmospheres in the solar system and extrasolar planetary systems. He is particularly interested in the physics and chemistry of the middle and upper atmosphere that he studies through both the analysis of observations and theoretical modeling. His research covers a wide range of different objects and techniques in the spirit of comparative planetology, which is critical to our understanding of the evolution of planetary atmospheres and environments in general. Dr. Koskinen served as a participating scientist on the Cassini mission and he is still actively involved in research on the atmospheres of Saturn and Titan. In addition, he develops and maintains models of exoplanet atmospheres that are required to interpret current and planned observations as well as to simulate mass loss and address questions on long-term evolution.
Ph.D., 2008, University College London
Years with LPL: 2009 to present

Dante Lauretta
PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 536
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Arizona Astrobiology Center
Dante Lauretta is a Regents Professor of Planetary Science and Cosmochemistry at the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory and the Director of the Arizona Astrobiology Center. He is an expert in near-Earth asteroid formation and evolution and serves as the Principal Investigator of NASA's OSIRIS-REx Asteroid Sample Return mission. OSIRIS-REx is the United States' flagship mission to explore a potentially hazardous near-Earth asteroid, Bennu, to study its physical and chemical properties, assess its impact risk, evaluate its resource potential, and return a pristine sample to Earth for detailed scientific analysis.
The spacecraft launched in September 2016, reached Bennu in 2018, and successfully collected a sample in October 2020. On September 24, 2023, the mission achieved a major milestone when the sample capsule returned to Earth. The analysis of these samples is currently underway, offering groundbreaking insights into the origin of life, the processes that shaped the early solar system, and Earth's development as a habitable world.
Dante is also affiliated with NASA's OSIRIS-APEX mission, which builds on OSIRIS-REx's success by extending its exploration of asteroids. Having led the OSIRIS-REx mission to its historic sample return, Dante has since handed the leadership of OSIRIS-APEX to the next generation, ensuring the continued exploration of the solar system by fostering new talent and ideas.
In addition to his leadership roles, he maintains an active research program in cosmochemistry and astrobiology, focusing on understanding the chemical evolution of the solar system and the formation of organic molecules essential for life.
View Dante Lauretta’s TEDx Talk: How asteroid hunters are solving Earth's greatest mysteries
Ph.D., 1997, Washington University
Years with LPL: 2001 to present

Renu Malhotra
PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 515
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Professor Malhotra's research spans orbital dynamics in the solar system and in exo-solar planetary systems. Current topics of research are: theory of orbital resonances, stability and chaos in the asteroid belt and in the Kuiper belt, orbital evolution mechanisms of near-Earth asteroids, the orbital migration history of the giant planets, and the dynamics of exo-solar planetary systems.
Ph.D., 1988, Cornell University
Years with LPL: 2000 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 323
Mark S. Marley (he/him/his)
Director, Department Head, Professor
Exoplanets
Exoplanets; Planetary Formation and Evolution, Extrasolar planets, planetary and brown dwarf atmospheres, ring seismology.
Ph.D., 1990, University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 2021 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 401
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
I study how seismology and seismic instrumentation can be used to explore bodies in our solar system. As a member of the InSight team I was focused on detecting deep structure, including the size of the martian core. For the Dragonfly mission, I'm interested in how clathrates may alter the internal structure and seismic response of Titan. As a member of the LEMS team, I'll be helping to build the next astronaut-deployed seismometers on the Moon. Once LEMS is deployed, we'll be able to study the Moon's seismicity and learn about its interior structure.
Ph.D., 2020 University of Maryland
Years with LPL: 2023 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Kuiper 527A
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dr. Matsuyama is interested in the physics of planetary interiors and evolution, with an emphasis on understanding the processes that led to the extraordinary diversity of the solar system. He develops theoretical models which are used to interpret spacecraft and ground-based observations.
Current research interests involve improving our understanding of (1) the formation and evolution of the Moon by analysis of the global lunar figure, which provides a record of prior orbital and rotational states; and (2) characterization of the thermal and orbital evolution of icy satellites, with particular emphasis on determining the long-term survivability of their subsurface oceans.
Ph.D., 2005, University of Toronto
Years with LPL: 2011 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
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Sonett 204
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Dr. McEwen is a planetary geologist and director of the Planetary Image Research Laboratory (PIRL). He is working on several active spacecraft experiments, listed below.
His major research interest is understanding active geologic processes such as volcanism, impact cratering, and slope processes. For Mars and the Moon he is studying a broad range of topics in planetary geology. He is also pursuing studies and proposals for future missions and experiments at Earth and to Jupiter's moons Io and Europa.
Ph.D., 1988, Arizona State University
Years with LPL: 1996 to present

Stefano Nerozzi (he/him/his)
PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Sonett 25
Stefano Nerozzi (he/him/his)
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
I'm an Italian planetary geologist interested in surface processes and near-subsurface geology and geophysics. My main area of expertise is remote sensing with a focus on radar sounding. I study a wide variety of geological features on Mars, ranging from polar deposits to low-latitude outflow channels systems. On Earth, I study debris covered glaciers as analogs to mid-latitude glaciers on Mars via ground penetrating radar, passive seismic techniques, and thermal profilers. I have a strong interest in instrument development, which ranges from modification of commercial seismometers to the design and construction of thermal profilers and environmental sensors.
Ph.D., 2019, The University of Texas at Austin
Years with LPL: 2025 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 532
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
My research is directed towards understanding how planets form and evolve and how common are planetary systems like our own Solar system. To this end, my group carries out observations aimed at characterizing the physical and chemical evolution of gaseous dust disks around young stars, the birth sites of planets. In addition, we use exoplanet surveys to re-construct the intrinsic frequency of planets around mature stars. By linking the birth sites of planets to the exoplanet populations, we contribute to building a comprehensive and predictive planet formation theory, a necessary step in identifying which nearby stars most likely host a habitable planet like Earth.
Ph.D., 2004, Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Heidelberg
Years with LPL: 2011 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 428
Sukrit Ranjan (he/him)
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Astrobiology, Earth, Early Earth, Exoplanets; Planetary Formation and Evolution, Origin of Life, Planetary Atmospheres, Photochemistry, Theoretical Astrophysics
Ph.D., 2017, Harvard University
Years with LPL: 2022 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 233
Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Dr. Reddy’s research focuses on understanding the behavior of space objects (natural and artificial) using a range of Earth and space-based assets. His work on natural moving objects (asteroids, near-Earth objects) is directed towards their characterization for impact hazard assessment/mitigation, asteroid-meteorite link and resource utilization. To this effort, Dr. Reddy uses the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility on Mauna Kea, Hawai’i.
The orbital space around the Earth is an invaluable resource that is increasingly becoming congested, contested, and competitive with the ever increasing threat from artificial and our adversaries. Dr. Reddy uses the same techniques used to characterize asteroid to study the behavior of artificial objects to identify their nature, intent and origin. He is setting up a space material characterization lab to observe the reflectance properties of natural (meteorites/minerals) and artificial space material in space like conditions.
Ph.D., 2009, University of North Dakota
Years with LPL: Spring 2016

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Steward 272
George Rieke
Regents Professor
Planetary Astronomy
Dr. Rieke is currently conducting research programs in planetary debris disks and their relation to the evolution of planetary systems, and in the evolution of star formation in infrared galaxies.
Ph.D., 1969, Harvard
Years with LPL: 1970 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 417
Tyler Robinson (he/him/his)
Associate Professor
Exoplanets
Tyler uses sophisticated radiative transfer and climate tools to study the atmospheres of Solar System worlds, exoplanets, and brown dwarfs. Tyler also develops instrument models for exoplanet direct imaging. He combines these areas of expertise in his work on the Habitable Exoplanet Observatory (HabEx) Science and Technology Definition Team, and in his contributions to the LUVOIR, WFIRST/Rendezvous, and Origins Space Telescope mission concept studies. Tyler is a Cottrell Scholar, as well as a former NASA Sagan Fellow and NASA Postdoctoral Program Fellow.
Ph.D., 2012, University of Washington
Years with LPL: Since 2022

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 525
Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar System
Professor Yelle studies the atmospheres in our solar system and the atmospheres of extra-solar planets. He analyzes telescopic and spacecraft data and constructs theories and models to determine the composition and structure of atmospheres and their interaction with surfaces and interplanetary space. Current projects include the study of chemical, thermal and dynamical processes in Titan’s upper atmosphere using primarily data from the Cassini mission to the Saturn system, escape processes on Titan, Mars, and extra-solar planets, and the composition and chemistry of the martian atmosphere. Yelle is a member of the Cassini Ion Neutral Mass Spectrometer Team and a co-I on the planned Maven mission to study the upper atmosphere of Mars.
Ph.D., 1984, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Years with LPL: 2001 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 522
Tom Zega
Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Dr. Zega applies a microscopy- and microanalysis-based approach to study the chemical and physical evolution of the early solar system. He uses ultrahigh-resolution ion- and electron-microscopy, including focused-ion-beam scanning-electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, to determine the composition and structure of planetary materials at scales ranging from millimeters down to the atomic. Such information is supported by computational thermodynamics to gain novel insights materials origins. His current research is focused on origin of refractory inclusions that formed the first solar-system solids and sulfides that formed in the early solar nebula. He is also involved in the analysis of samples returned by the JAXA Hayabusa missions to asteroid Itokawa and Ryugu, and those returned from asteroid Bennu by NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission.
Ph.D., 2003, Arizona State University
Years with LPL: 2011 to present

Brett Carr (he/him/his)
PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Offsite
Brett Carr (he/him/his)
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
I am a volcanologist studying the physical processes driving volcanic eruptions. I combine observational and numerical modeling techniques towards my primary goal of building a more complete understanding of active volcanism. I develop new ways to collect and analyze remote sensing observations to better capture volcanic eruption processes. I am particularly interested in the eruptive cycles of persistently active volcanoes and the drivers of changes in activity style. This broad topic includes projects investigating lava dome growth and collapse, lava flow emplacement, and transitions between effusive and explosive activity. By understanding how and why a volcano erupts, I aim to help improve assessment of the numerous hazards associated with eruptions. I also specialize in applications of unoccupied aircraft systems (UAS) and photogrammetry in volcanic environments. My recent work has included field campaigns to Indonesia, the Galápagos Islands, Hawaii, Italy, and Iceland.
Ph.D., 2016, Arizona State University

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 215
Erich Karkoschka
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Spectroscopy, photometry, development of astronomical instruments, data reduction techniques, modeling planetary atmospheres (chemical composition, vertical and horizontal structure of aerosol distribution, aerosol properties), methane and ammonia absorption spectra, interpretation of planetary ring and satellite photometry, Titan surface.
Ph.D., 1990, The University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 1983-

Michael Phillips

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Kuiper 237
Joseph Schools
Researcher/Scientist
My research focuses on the study of planetary interiors through geodynamic and petrological modeling. I create models of silicate melt processes in the lithosphere of planetary bodies in order to constrain their interior structures in the absence of instrumentation. I am particularly interested in the tectonic-magmatic processes of Venus and Jupiter's moon Io.
Ph.D., 2020, University of Maryland, College Park
Years with LPL: 2023 to present

PTYS/LPL Faculty
×
Sonett 207
Sarah Sutton (she/her)
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Ph.D., 2022, The University of Arizona
Years with LPL: 19

Adam Battle (he/him/his)
PTYS/LPL Postdocs
×
Kuiper 245
Adam Battle (he/him/his)
R&D Software Engineer, SPACE 4 Center
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Photometric and visible to near-infrared spectral characterization of space objects as applied to both Space Situational Awareness and the study of small bodies in the solar system.
Advisor(s): Vishnu Reddy

Laura Chaves (she/her/hers)

Ashraf Moradi
PTYS/LPL Postdocs
×
Kuiper 409A
Ashraf Moradi
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Solar and Heliospheric Research
The effect of the Interplanetary Transport on the Ground-level Enhancement (GLE) events.
Transport of Solar Energetic Particles into the Interplanetary Space.
Modeling the Photospheric Surface Flows.
Expansion of the open magnetic fluxtubes into the inner corona.
Advisor(s): Joe Giacalone

Wesley Tucker

Roberto Aguilar

Elana Alevy (she/her)

Rahul Arora

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 316
Namya Baijal
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 324
Naman Bajaj
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 318
Maizey Benner (she/they)
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 338
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies

Maddy Christensen

Sophie Clark

Michael Daniel
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Sonett 10C
Michael Daniel
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Interests: My primary interests are in glaciology, mass accumulation on glaciers, and climate change impacts on glaciers.
Research: My current research project is mapping out snow depths in the Gulf of Alaska to better understand glacier mass balance in this region. This is done by interpreting radar results from airborne and surface-coupled ground penetrating radar to extract seasonal snow accumulation amounts. Additional work is being done to compare these ground penetrating radar results to satellite and re-analysis products.
Field Experience: I have done field work on; Seward Glacier (Yukon, Canada), Galena Creek Rock Glacier (Wyoming, USA), and Sulphur Creek Rock Glacier (Wyoming, USA) to collect ground penetrating radar data and other geophysical data.

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 316
Searra Foote (she/her)
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
I study exoplanet atmospheres with an astrobiological perspective

Ruby Fulford (She/Her)
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 201
Ruby Fulford (She/Her)
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System

Kiki Gonglewski

Gabriel Gowman

Kylie Hall

Joanna Hardesty
Devin Hoover

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 316
Lori Huseby
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres

Rocio Jacobo Bojorquez (she/her)
Nicole Kerrison (she/they)

Euibin Kim

Melissa Kontogiannis (she/her)

Chaucer Langbert (they/them)

Thea McKenna
Cole Meyer (he/him/his)
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×Kuiper 351
Cole Meyer (he/him/his)
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Solar and Heliospheric Research

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 320
Samantha Moruzzi
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System

Carter Mucha

PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 322
Fuda Nguyen (he/they)
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics

Iunn Ong

Tyler Reese

Lily Robinthal (she/her)
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 326
Lily Robinthal (she/her)
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres

Christina Singh (she/her)
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 351
Christina Singh (she/her)
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces

Lucas Smith

Kayla Smith
Anna Taylor (She/Her)
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×Kuiper 201
Anna Taylor (She/Her)
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Theoretical Astrophysics
Robin Van Auken

Nathalia Vega Santiago

Jingyu Wang
PTYS/LPL Graduate Students
×
Kuiper 322
Jingyu Wang
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres

LPL Alum Maria Steinrueck wins 51 Pegasi b Fellowship
The 51 Pegasi b Fellowship provides postdoctoral scientists with the opportunity to conduct theoretical, observational, and experimental research in planetary astronomy.LPL Alum Maria Steinrueck wins 51 Pegasi b Fellowship
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LPL alum Dr. Maria Steinrueck (2021) is the recipient of a 51 Pegasi b Fellowship from the Heising-Simons Foundation. The 51 Pegasi b Fellowship provides postdoctoral scientists with the opportunity to conduct theoretical, observational, and experimental research in planetary astronomy. Dr. Steinrueck’s research seeks to enable more accurate observational interpretations and predictions across a range of exoplanet types through three-dimensional climate modeling. “We knew that photochemical hazes exist on exoplanets, but nobody had examined what they do in three dimensions. We had only one-dimensional models, which cannot describe the weather of a planet fully.”
While majoring in physics with a focus on particle physics as an undergraduate student, Maria Steinrueck encountered a team studying exoplanet atmospheres and recalled her own excitement, years earlier, when exoplanet winds were first measured. It was enough to change her course as a scholar and professional. “I was drawn to climate models where you can actually simulate the winds and temperature distribution on an exoplanet and see what that looks like in three dimensions, through day and night differences in temperature and other conditions. 3D models are necessary to more fully understand what’s happening on planets we cannot see directly.”
Today, Maria examines how clouds and hazes impact a planet’s atmospheric circulation, temperatures, and transmission and emission spectra. Photochemical hazes, born of UV reactions with molecules such as methane, can significantly distort or mute the chemical signatures observed and used to characterize a planet. In a first for her field, Maria developed a three-dimensional climate model that predicts the location of photochemical hazes in the atmospheres of Hot Jupiters, the largest and most extensively described exoplanets to date.
During her fellowship, Maria will model 3D atmospheric circulation for a wide variety of exoplanets, determining how haze particles mix and move across different planetary conditions. Included in this exploration will be cooler, smaller planets closer in size to Neptune and Earth, which are increasingly observable through next-generation telescopes. “With the new space telescope (JWST) we will get more data and details about smaller exoplanets. From the first measurements published, we can already see there is uneven cloud and haze coverage, with a lot of 3D effects that must be factored in to interpret observations of these planets correctly.” Maria’s modeling will improve the accuracy of interpreting these observations, for a clearer picture of distant planets more like our own.
Maria received a Ph.D. in planetary sciences from the University of Arizona in Fall 2021. Prior to starting her 51 Pegasi b Fellowship, Maria will continue to work as the Atmospheric Physics of Exoplanets Prize Postdoctoral Fellow at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy in Heidelberg, Germany.

6 Months to Go Until Historic Asteroid Sample Delivery
March 24 marks 6 months until the University of Arizona-led OSIRIS-REx mission is scheduled to return material from the dawn of the solar system to Earth for study.6 Months to Go Until Historic Asteroid Sample Delivery
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Rani Gran/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Daniel Stolte/University Communications - March 24, 2023
The University of Arizona's OSIRIS-REx team is eagerly awaiting the arrival of pristine material from asteroid Bennu, marking the first time NASA is bringing a sample from an extraterrestrial body to Earth since the Apollo moon landings. Once in Tucson, material leftover from the formation of the solar system will be studied at the Kuiper Materials Imaging and Characterization Facility at the university's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, a state-of-the-art facility designed with one goal: extract as much information from samples as possible.
NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft is currently cruising back to Earth with a sample it collected from Bennu's rocky surface in 2020 . When its sample capsule parachutes down into the Utah desert on Sept. 24, OSIRIS-REx will become the United States' first-ever mission to return an asteroid sample to Earth.
After seven years in space, including a nail-biting touchdown on Bennu to gather dust and rocks, this intrepid mission is about to face one of its biggest challenges yet: Deliver the asteroid sample to Earth while protecting it from heat, vibrations and earthly contaminants.
"Once the sample capsule touches down, our team will be racing against the clock to recover it and get it to the safety of a temporary clean room," said Mike Moreau, deputy project manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
Members of NASA’s OSIRIS-REx curation team work with a glove box at the agency's Johnson Space Center in Houston. The curation team will be among the first to see and handle the sample OSIRIS-REx is returning from asteroid Bennu. They are also responsible for storing and distributing the sample to science team members around the world. Most of the sample will be stored for future generations.NASA Johnson/Bill Stafford
Over the next six months, the OSIRIS-REx team will practice and refine the procedures required to recover the sample in Utah and transport it to a new lab built for the material at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston. There, scientists will unpack the sample, distribute up to a quarter of it to the OSIRIS-REx science team around the world for analysis, and curate the rest for other scientists to study, now and in future generations.
Flight dynamics engineers from NASA Goddard and KinetX Aerospace are reviewing the trajectory that will bring the spacecraft close to Earth. At Lockheed Martin in Denver, team members are keeping tabs on the spacecraft and preparing a group to recover the sample capsule. This summer, crews in Colorado and Utah will practice all of the steps to recover the capsule safely, while protecting it from contamination. At Johnson Space Center, the curation team is rehearsing a procedure to unpack and process the sample inside glove boxes. Meanwhile, members of the sample science team are preparing the investigations they will perform with the sample material once received.
"The OSIRIS-REx team has already performed amazing feats characterizing and sampling asteroid Bennu," said OSIRIS-REx principal investigator Dante Lauretta, a UArizona professor of planetary sciences. "These accomplishments are the direct result of the extensive training and rehearsals that we performed every step of the way. We are bringing that level of discipline and dedication to this final phase of the flight operations."
Asteroids are the ancient materials left over from the original era of planet formation and may contain molecular precursors to life. Scientists have learned a great deal from studying asteroid fragments that have naturally reached the ground as meteorites. But to understand whether asteroids played a role in delivering these compounds to Earth's surface over 4 billion years ago, scientists need a pristine sample from space, free from terrestrial contaminants.
In addition, the most fragile rocks observed on Bennu probably would not have survived passage through Earth's atmosphere as meteorites.
"There are two things pervasive on Earth: water and biology," said Jason Dworkin, OSIRIS-REx project scientist at NASA Goddard. "Both can severely alter meteorites when they land on the ground and muddle the story told by the sample's chemistry and mineralogy. A pristine sample could provide insights into the development of solar system."
On Sept. 24, as the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft flies by Earth, it will release its sample return capsule, thereby ending its primary mission. The capsule, which is estimated to hold about a cup of Bennu’s material – 8.8 ounces, plus or minus 3.6 ounces, to be precise – will land within a 37-mile by 9-mile ellipse within Department of Defense property that is part of the Utah Test and Training Range and Dugway Proving Grounds.
OSIRIS-REx team members from NASA Goddard, KinetX, Lockheed Martin and NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, are using computer models to test navigation plans in various weather, solar activity, and space debris scenarios to ensure that when the capsule enters Earth's atmosphere at 10:41 a.m. (ET), it will touch down inside the targeted area 13 minutes later.
Recovery crews are responsible for securing the sample return capsule’s landing site and helicoptering it to a portable clean room located at the range. Additionally, crews will collect soil and air samples all around the landing capsule. These samples will help identify if any minute contaminants contacted the asteroid sample.
Once the capsule is inside the building with the portable clean room, members of the team will remove the heat shield, back shell and other components to prepare the sample canister for transport to Houston.
The return to Earth of samples from asteroid Bennu will be the culmination of a more than 12-year effort by NASA and its mission partners but marks the beginning of a new phase of discovery as scientists from around the world will turn their attention to the analysis of this unique and precious material dating from the early formation of the solar system.
Members of NASA’s OSIRIS-REx curation team work with a glove box at the agency's Johnson Space Center in Houston. The curation team will be among the first to see and handle the sample OSIRIS-REx is returning from asteroid Bennu. They are also responsible for storing and distributing the sample to science team members around the world. Most of the sample will be stored for future generations.
NASA Johnson/Bill Stafford

3D Radar Scan Provides Clues About Threats to Iconic Alaskan Glacier
Mapping a large coastal glacier in Alaska revealed that its bulk sits below sea level and is undercut by channels, making it vulnerable to accelerated melting in an already deteriorating coastal habitat.3D Radar Scan Provides Clues About Threats to Iconic Alaskan Glacier
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By Daniel Stolte, University Communications - March 15, 2023
A detailed "body scan" of Malaspina Glacier, one of Alaska's most iconic glaciers, revealed that its bulk lies below sea level and is undercut by channels that may allow ocean water to gain access, should its coastal barrier erode. This makes the glacier more vulnerable to seawater intrusion than previously thought and may cause it to retreat faster than predicted.
The findings, published by University of Arizona researchers in the Journal of Geophysical Research, underscore the fragility of a very large glacial system that could lead to the loss of a significant volume of ice and National Park Service land and would contribute a measurable volume to global sea level rise.
"The loss of this glacier would likely be the largest loss of ice from an Alaskan glacier within this century," said lead study author Brandon Tober, a doctoral student in the UArizona Department of Geosciences.
The area in front of Malaspina Glacier, a permafrost zone with pure ice beneath the surface, is "wasting away" in the face of rising global temperatures, Tober said. Permafrost refers to ground that remains frozen for two or more years.
"As this coastal barrier erodes and gives way to large lagoons, primarily through the collapse of ice cliffs, ocean water may eventually gain access to the glacier," Tober said. "Once it gets to the front of the glacier, it may melt the ice even faster and initiate the glacier's retreat."
Forming an expansive ice sheet located right on the shore of southeast Alaska, Malaspina is the world's largest piedmont glacier, a type of glacier that flows from steep mountains onto a broad plain, essentially forming a "pancake of ice" that spills out onto a broad coastal plain from the St. Elias Mountains. A thin land barrier separates the glacier from the relatively warm waters of the Gulf of Alaska. Historical satellite imagery shows these water bodies expanding over time, forming a lagoon system directly in front of the glacier over the past few decades.
Traditionally, researchers rely on mathematical models to gauge the thickness of glaciers, Tober said, but they vary widely in their ability to accurately predict the thickness of glaciers. These models often rely on measurements of how fast the glacier moves across the surface to make predictions about the glacier's depth, similar to the way a river's water flow rates are used to gain insights about its depth and the shape of its bed.
"We know that glaciers in Alaska are melting and thinning rapidly in many places, but we don't accurately know how thick they are, and therefore we can't accurately predict future mass loss," Tober said. "If we don’t know the thickness and bed topography, we can't accurately model their future evolution."
To gain a better idea of Malaspina's future, the researchers needed to get a detailed "body scan" of its shape and thickness. To do this, Tober's research group used the Arizona Radio Echo Sounder, or ARES, an instrument designed and built by a team led by Jack Holt, a professor at the UArizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory and Department of Geosciences, and one of the paper's co-authors. Holt's research group specializes in using geophysical research methods, primarily radar, to study features on Earth and Mars.
ARES was mounted in an airplane as part of Operation IceBridge, a NASA-funded mission tasked with measuring annual changes in the thickness of glaciers, sea ice and ice sheets in Greenland, Alaska and Antarctica from airplanes between 2009 and 2021.
While the plane crisscrossed the vast, icy expanse, its ice-penetrating radar "X-rayed" the glacier, resulting in a full "3D body scan" of the glacier and underlying bedrock. The measurements revealed that Malaspina glacier sits largely below sea level and is cut by several channels at its bed that extend at least 21 miles from where the glacier meets the shore up toward its source in the Saint Elias Mountains.
The combination of the glacier's location with respect to the sea level and the continued loss of its coastal barrier may provide pathways for ocean waters to access large areas of the glacier's bed along these channels, the researchers write in their paper. Assuming this leads to large-scale shedding of ice masses and the glacier's retreat, the researchers conclude that Malaspina has the potential to contribute 560 cubic kilometers, or 134 cubic miles, of ice to the ocean. In other words, Malaspina alone could raise global sea level by 1.4 millimeters, or just under 1/16 of an inch.
"This might not sound like much, but to put this in perspective, all Alaskan glaciers combined contribute about 0.2 millimeters per year to global sea level rise – a rate that tops all other glaciated regions on Earth apart from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets," Tober said.
The study makes Malaspina the most extensively radar-mapped glacier in Alaska, according to Tober's team. While glaciers in other parts of the world have been mapped to similar levels of detail, their Alaskan counterparts have eluded accurate measurements because they consist of what is known as temperate or "warm" ice.
"The glacier's crevasses often have water in them, and that makes it difficult to get radar energy down to the bed of the glacier and back up to the instrument," Tober said.
Overcoming that challenge was part of the motivation to build ARES.
The radar scans revealed that glaciological models overestimate Malaspina's volume by more than 30%. Still, the glacier, which was measured to be just over half a mile thick at its center, boasts 10 times the total volume of all the glaciers in the Swiss Alps.
"We can speculate that the channels, the big troughs beneath the glacier, are routing meltwater that comes out at the coast," Tober said.
The observed expanse of lagoons across Malaspina's foreland over the past few decades is largely what alerted a team of researchers including Holt to the fact that the coastal barrier in front of Malaspina Glacier is wasting away, raising questions about the glacier's stability. The team, which consists of researchers from the UArizona, the University of Alaska Fairbanks, the University of Montana and the National Park Service, was awarded a grant by the National Science Foundation to further investigate the potential demise of the world's largest piedmont glacier.
Sydney Mooneyham, a co-author on this paper who graduated from the UArizona School of Geography, Development and Environment, mapped the expanse of the lagoons across Malaspina's foreland over the course of about 50 years' worth of images taken by Landsat, a series of Earth-observing satellites launched to study and monitor Earth's landmasses.
Another motivation to focus on Malaspina Glacier, Tober said, came from the fact that it is located in the largest national park in the U.S., the Wrangell Saint Elias National Park and Preserve. At 13.2 million acres, it is larger than Yellowstone National Park, Yosemite National Park and the country of Switzerland combined, according to the National Park Service.
"The potential loss of Malaspina and opening of a new bay along Alaska's coastline may be the largest landscape transformation within the U.S. that we could witness during this century," Tober said, "and it may lead to the loss of up to 500 square miles of park land."
EXTRA INFO
Watch a time-lapse video taken during a flight along Malaspina Glacier, from the shore all the way into the St. Elias Mountains. (Credit: Brandon Tober/University of Arizona Department of Geosciences)
Vegetation growing atop massive ground ice – a crevassed forest – is seen in this aerial photo of the land strip that separates Malaspina Glacier from the Pacific Ocean. This coastal barrier "wastes away," the researchers say, as ice cliffs collapse and form a growing expanse of lagoons.
Brandon Tober/University of Arizona
Donning flight suits, Jack Holt (left) and Brandon Tober await a helicopter ride back to base camp after completing a geophysical survey on Malaspina Glacier.
Jack Holt/University of Arizona

Student-built Satellite Uses 'Beach Ball' for an Antenna
CatSat is a small satellite carrying a new communications concept – an inflatable antenna – into space. The project provides a rare opportunity for students at the University of Arizona to get hands-on experience with spaceflight technology.
Student-built Satellite Uses 'Beach Ball' for an Antenna
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By Kylianne Chadwick, NASA Space Grant Science Writing Intern, University Communications - March 6, 2023
Scientists and engineers at the University of Arizona have built instruments for three NASA telescopes, led two deep space missions and made it possible to see farther back in space and time than ever before. Adding to this list of space exploration accomplishments is a different type of project – one led entirely by students.
Near the university's main campus, students gather inside a cleanroom wearing lab coats, gloves and hairnets. On their lab bench sits a complex maze of wires and metal, the dimensions of a family-size cereal box. Each component has been optimized to survive a rocket launch and orbit the Earth.
After years of designing, building and testing, a team of UArizona students has readied CatSat, a small satellite known as a CubeSat, for launch into space. The spacecraft was designed to demonstrate new space technology and overcome a major challenge in space exploration: high-speed, low-cost communication across vast distances. Reminiscent of a beach ball, the satellite's antenna is expected to transfer information from space to Earth at high data rates.
If everything goes according to plan, the satellite won't just demonstrate new space technology; it will also probe the ionosphere – a layer of charged particles at the boundary between the Earth's atmosphere and space – so that the team can better understand the ionosphere's ever-changing structure. This structure impacts the propagation of high-frequency radio signals.
CatSat is a so-called 6U CubeSat, meaning it consists of six conjoined cubes, each measuring 4 inches along their edges. Unlike other CubeSats, it has an inflatable antenna, developed by Freefall Aerospace, a Tucson-based startup company and spinoff that was brought to be with the help of the university's commercialization arm, Tech Launch Arizona. Stored inside of CatSat is a high-performance, software-defined radio named AstroSDR, which was designed, built and donated by Rincon Research Corporation. After launch, the inflatable antenna, AstroSDR and other components will work together to send down high-resolution images of Earth almost instantaneously.
"Following a successful launch, this inflatable antenna will be the first of its kind in space," said Hilliard Paige, a systems engineering student and the project's lead systems engineer. "If it works, it will be a pathfinder for future missions."
The project began in 2019 when Chris Walker, a UArizona professor of astronomy, along with a team of faculty members from other departments, submitted a proposal to NASA as part of the NASA CubeSat Launch Initiative. NASA saw potential and agreed to provide a launch vehicle for CatSat.
"The technology demonstrated by CatSat opens the door to the possibility of future lunar, planetary and deep-space missions using CubeSats," said Walker, who also is the co-founder of FreeFall Aerospace. "CatSat puts the University of Arizona at the forefront of these efforts."
Inflatable antennas could give an edge to small spacecraft
All spacecraft require antennas to transmit and receive signals, allowing for communication with Earth. Yet, the capabilities of CubeSat antennas have historically been restricted, as CubeSats can only carry very small antennas. Signals from these small antennas can take days to finally reach Earth.
CatSat's inflatable antenna, invented by Walker at UArizona and further developed by Freefall Aerospace, combats this problem thanks to its lightweight material that tightly folds within the spacecraft. After launch, CatSat will stabilize its orientation so that it can eventually deploy the stowed antenna membrane and inflate it with helium and argon gas.
This inflated membrane is not unlike a large, floating foil birthday balloon. It has a clear lower hemisphere and an aluminum-coated upper hemisphere designed to reflect signals back down to Earth. The antenna's large surface allows for downlink speeds many times faster than comparable CubeSats.
Freefall Aerospace and the CatSat student team hope that inflatable antennas could level the playing field, allowing smaller and cheaper spacecraft to explore places beyond Earth.
"This technology could drive down the cost of high-quality scientific measurements in space by enabling the use of lightweight, low-cost antennas with very high data rates," said Aman Chandra, a doctoral student in mechanical engineering who is responsible for much of CatSat's mechanical design, including the inflatable antenna system.
Scientific exploration of the ionosphere
On the opposite end of CatSat's inflatable antenna is a "whip" antenna, about 2 feet long and shaped like a protruding stick. It was designed to receive low-power, automated, high-frequency beacons from thousands of Earthbound amateur radio enthusiasts. Radio signals in the high-frequency range can bounce off or refract from the ionosphere and travel to far-reaching locations by "bending around the Earth." Amateur, or ham, radio takes advantage of this charged layer of the atmosphere to broadcast information all around the globe.
"The ionosphere's density changes between night and day as radiation from the sun affects the density of its charged particles," Chandra said. "By listening to the strength of radio signals in the high-frequency range, we can estimate how the density of the ionosphere changes over time.”
The ionosphere's mysterious, fluctuating density can sometimes alter the precision of GPS signals. Minuscule alterations can be both inconvenient and catastrophic depending on the application. Because of this, the students believe it is essential to understand how the ionosphere behaves at all times.
CatSat will listen from above the ionosphere to high-frequency radio signals using the whip antenna and Rincon Research radio. The CatSat team will then compare these signals to what Earthbound radio operators hear. In this way, the team plans to identify trends in ionospheric properties in order to better understand how they change from day to night.
The student experience
Shae Henley is an undergraduate who began working on CatSat during her first year at the university, where she majors in aerospace engineering. Since then, some daily tasks have included hands-on assembly of the spacecraft, as well as repairing and testing balloons for the inflatable antenna.
"I love working in the cleanroom with CatSat and I'm very lucky to have this experience as only a junior in college," Henley said. "Working on CatSat has helped me become more comfortable in a work environment where I can apply what I'm learning in school."
However, the work wasn't always easy. While working on space hardware, the students encountered difficulties that sometimes forced them to change their plans and designs.
"Many pieces on the CatSat weren't our first choice," said Del Spangler, a graduate student in electrical and computer engineering and the project's lead electrical engineer. "While some of the hardware isn't necessarily meant for space, we've still been able to make it work."
"From a CubeSat to a billion-dollar space mission, there's always going to be challenges," said Dathon Golish, a scientist in the UArizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory who previously led CatSat activities.
Other major setbacks included a damaged piece of equipment and a faulty battery that delayed development by six months.
"At moments, working on the CatSat has been frustrating, as engineering often is," Spangler said. "But overcoming all of the difficult problems we've faced has been a really good feeling."
Waiting for a ride
Once CatSat is assigned a launch date, expected later this year, a Firefly Alpha rocket will lift it into an orbit 340 miles above Earth, the approximate distance from Phoenix to Los Angeles. The satellite will remain in a sun-synchronous orbit, a path that will almost always keep it in direct sunlight and out of Earth's shadow. Once it has launched from Vandenburg Space Force Base in California, the responsibilities of the student team are far from over.
"I'm in the process of getting my ham radio license so that I'll be able to communicate with CatSat in orbit," Henley said. "From our CatSat UHF (ultra-high-frequency) ground stations, we'll collect ionospheric data and check up on how the satellite is doing."
One of the ground stations that will be listening to CatSat's signals is a 6-meter dish antenna located at UArizona's Biosphere 2. If the antenna functions correctly, it will provide images of Earth in close to real time, proving its effectiveness for quick data transfer.
"Students working on a CubeSat mission have the opportunity to see the whole life cycle of a space mission from start to finish," Golish said. "Regardless of end results, CatSat is already an accomplishment because it's given these students experience that's very difficult to come by otherwise."

Economic Impact of UArizona Space Sciences Rivals that of Super Bowl
A new report spotlights the significant impact of University of Arizona space sciences activities, which generate $560.5 million every year for the local economy.
Economic Impact of UArizona Space Sciences Rivals that of Super Bowl
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By Logan Burtch-Buus, University Communications - February 8, 2023
Space may be the final frontier, but it is also the subject of some of the University of Arizona's most financially impactful research. The university's astronomy and space sciences operations generate as much money for the local economy every year as a Super Bowl, according to an economic impact report delivered by Rounds Consulting Group.
The report had several key findings. First, the total yearly economic output of the university's space sciences operations is estimated at roughly $560.5 million. In addition, space sciences activities generate roughly $21.1 million in state, county and municipal taxes every year.
For comparison, Visit Phoenix estimates Sunday's Super Bowl will generate $600 million in economic impact for the Phoenix and Arizona economies. The 2022 Super Bowl generated up to $477 million in economic stimulus, $22 million in tax revenues and nearly 4,700 jobs for the Los Angeles and California economies.
In addition to generating millions of dollars a year, space science operations at UArizona constitute a significant return on investment – to the tune of 5-to-1. This figure is derived from the $20 million on average received by space science departments in state funding every year, and the more than $100 million per year in grants, philanthropic donations and contracts secured by the same departments over the past four years. University space sciences operations directly employ more than 900 students, scientists, faculty, education professionals and operations personnel.
Job creation due to space sciences goes beyond the university, however. Roughly 3,300 total full-time equivalent employees are supported by exploring the cosmos. That figure includes jobs in businesses supported by the economic growth of the university's space science pursuits.
According to Rounds' report, money generated by the university's space science activities has played "a vital role throughout Arizona's economy, advancing the growth of the astronomy and space science industries."
UArizona administrators say the report shines a light on the magnitude of the university’s space sciences legacy.
"As Arizona's designated land-grant institution, our mission is firmly rooted in service to community, to the state and beyond," said Elizabeth "Betsy" Cantwell, UArizona senior vice president for research and innovation. "This impact analysis has allowed us to take an in-depth and holistic look at the economic benefits we create through research and innovation in one of our strongest areas."
College of Science Dean Carmala Garzione said the research conducted on campus benefits not only the scientific community but the community at large.
"As a state university, it's important that we understand the value of the education we're providing," Garzione said. "Not just to jobs that our students may be taking after they leave, but also to our local economy and our community. We support high paying jobs in science and engineering that reinforce our industry base in Southern Arizona and bring a higher quality of life to the community. I understand the value of science intrinsically, but knowing it extends to high economic impact reinforces my belief that we are pursuing the right type of science: science supporting society in our local region."
Hundreds of millions of dollars in yearly economic impact does not happen overnight or by accident, and is the result of decades of investment by UArizona leadership in space sciences, beginning in earnest in the 1960s. This foresight uniquely positioned the university to successfully secure the contracts and grants that bring high levels of funding from not only the federal government, but institutions and governments from around the world. These external funds are the reason the National Science Foundation's Higher Education Research and Development survey, which annually ranks more than 900 colleges and universities based on a variety of metrics, has listed the university No. 1 in astronomy and astrophysics expenditures each year since 1987.
A century of space science
Primarily based out of the Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory and the Department of Planetary Sciences and the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, space sciences have been an integral part of the university for more than 100 years.
Much has changed since Steward Observatory was officially created in 1916 and dedicated its first research telescope in 1923. Space sciences research now takes place across a variety of departments: Researchers in geosciences and hydrology and atmospheric sciences use spacecraft data to study Earth; physicists research cosmology and detail how gravity works; College of Medicine – Phoenix researchers investigate space medicine; engineers in the Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering study the behavior of objects in space; and researchers in the Wyant College of Optical Sciences build sensors for telescopes and spacecraft missions.
"We're part of a whole intellectual enterprise, and much of our success is because of collaborations between all of these departments and all of the greater university expertise that we tap into and collaborate with all the time," said Mark Marley, director of the Lunar and Planetary Lab and head of the Department of Planetary Sciences. "It's not just planetary science and astronomy. It's the whole university and the expertise of all the other scientists at UArizona."
The university leads the way on NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission, which collected a sample from near-Earth asteroid Bennu in 2020 and will return the sample to Earth this year, and previously led the Phoenix Mars Lander mission to study the Martian surface – making UArizona the only academic institution to direct more than one NASA deep space mission, and the first university to organize a mission to Mars. The Lunar and Planetary Laboratory also manages the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment, which provides high-quality images of the Martian surface.
While the university's planetary scientists primarily focus on bodies within the solar system, the Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory has its sights set on the mysteries of deep space.
UArizona operates more than a dozen telescopes across the state, and helped build and operate observatories in Chile, Antarctica and in outer space. Steward Obervatory's Richard F. Caris Mirror Lab is fabricating the primary mirror segments for the Giant Magellan Telescope in Chile, and UArizona is one of the founding partners in this future observatory. Also included under the Steward Observatory umbrella are the Arizona Radio Observatory, the Mount Graham International Observatory, the Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter and the Sky School program.
Steward Observatory researchers were chosen by NASA to develop instruments for both the Hubble and Spitzer space telescopes, making UArizona the only institution to have led more than one instrument for NASA's Great Observatories. The university was also selected to lead two of the three instruments for NASA's James Webb Space Telescope.
UArizona Regents Professors and astronomers Marcia and George Rieke play integral roles in the James Webb Space Telescope, with Marcia serving as principal investigator for the telescope's and Near-Infrared Camera and George as science team lead for the Mid-Infrared Instrument. Both the Lunar and Planetary Lab and Steward Observatory use data from instruments like James Webb to understand the chemistry of planets around other stars.
Buell T. Jannuzi, head of the Department of Astronomy and director of Steward Observatory, said astronomers are trying to answer some of humanity's greatest questions: Where did we come from? Where will the universe end? How do galaxies form?
"Science fiction writers are dreaming up questions the same way astronomers are. The only difference is that science fiction writers will put their questions into a movie, while astronomers are going to go and look and see if they can answer their questions," Jannuzi said. "For more than a century, the students, staff and faculty of the Department of Astronomy and Steward Observatory have explored the universe together and shared what we learned with the world – and we are excited to continue our efforts into our second century."
It started with dark skies
UArizona is at the forefront of the space sciences, but what contributed to decades of success?
Tim Swindle, director of the University of Arizona Space Institute – a unit that supports the university's space science research efforts and works to apply the vast experience of UArizona in the space sciences to new areas – said the university has been a longstanding world leader in space sciences for a variety of reasons.
He said decades of successful research started with Arizona's clear skies, high mountains and dry climate, which created an ideal environment for astronomy collaborations. Once the lunar missions took shape in the 1960s, the university became a hot spot in the United States for research involving spacecraft since some of the discipline's preeminent minds already lived in the Old Pueblo. The university has since produced countless leaders in the field.
"Tucson is a place where almost everybody knows somebody who does space sciences, and many of those people work at the University of Arizona, but not all of them," Swindle said. "Between the university, commercial, federal and nonprofit ventures, there is a lot of space science activity in Tucson."
While the university's space sciences programs have been a financial boon for Tucson and the rest of the state, they have also generated a long list of notable accomplishments for UArizona graduates. Brian Schmidt, who graduated from the university in 1989 with a double major in astronomy and physics, won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2011. Other alumni have served as directors of prestigious observatories; department heads and deans at universities; and leaders of large government scientific agencies.
"We have spread our wings so that a lot of people around the world who are involved in space science have some connection with the University of Arizona," Swindle said. "In fact, by now, some of our toughest competitors are our alumni. We are an educational institution, and we want to train the next generation of scientists."
Understanding humanity
The economic and scientific impacts of the university's space sciences can be proven empirically, but why are humans so fascinated by the cosmos?
According to the experts it all comes down to natural human curiosity. Space scientists are just acting on an insatiable desire to achieve some foundational understanding of humanity's place in the greater context of the universe – and translate that understanding into tangible benefits for society at large.
"We are always curious about who or what is out there," Swindle said. "We want to know what else there is, and we're a curious species. Space is an obvious place to stretch that curiosity. Humans are always fascinated by a frontier, and space represents a frontier. It represents possibilities. And while it's fascinating to imagine the possibilities, we want to try to figure out which ones are real."

Solar System 'Detectives' Search for Clues in 'Crumbs' Left Over from Early Solar System
NASA awarded nearly $3 million to the University of Arizona Kuiper Materials Imaging and Characterization Facility to support OSIRIS-REx sample science and much more.
Solar System 'Detectives' Search for Clues in 'Crumbs' Left Over from Early Solar System
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By Mikayla Mace and Daniel Stolte, University Communications - January 25, 2023
A magnifying glass just won't cut it for the high-tech "detectives" at the University of Arizona Kuiper Materials Imaging and Characterization Facility. The scientists, who can be found in the basement of the university's Kuiper Space Sciences Building, are working to decode the stories archived in rocks and dust left over from the earliest days of the solar system.
The facility has been a resource for public and private science programs, both on and off campus, since 2016. Now, thanks to a four-year, nearly $3 million grant from NASA to support facility operations, scientists will be able to dig deeper into scientific questions than ever before.
"The history of the solar system is encoded in asteroids – the planetary crumbs left over from its birth over 4.5 billion years ago," said facility director Thomas Zega, a UArizona planetary sciences professor. "The university and NASA are both investing a lot of money and resources in bringing back a sample from Bennu, a carbonaceous asteroid, and this is the first asteroid sample return mission in NASA's history, so it's important that we're properly equipped as a science team to analyze the sample when it comes back."
Facility co-investigators include assistant professors of planetary sciences Jessica Barnes and Pierre Haenecour, as well as Regents Professor of Planetary Sciences Dante Lauretta, principal investigator of NASA's OSIRIS-REx mission, which will return a sample from asteroid Bennu to Earth later this year.
In addition to asteroid samples, scientists use the facility to analyze meteorites and debris from asteroids and other planetary bodies that fall to Earth. The facility has cutting-edge instrumentation and is open to users on campus as well as from other universities or the private sector. The new grant will allow researchers who already receive funding through NASA to use the fee-based facility at a reduced rate.
Other NASA programs that use the facility include the Interdisciplinary Consortia for Astrobiology Research, Laboratory Analysis of Returned Samples and Emerging Worlds. The facility will also serve research efforts on planetary materials returned by other space agencies' sample return missions, such as Japan's Hayabusa 2, which is OSIRIS-REx's "sister mission."
"There's even more sample science to look forward to in the future," Zega said.
For example, NASA's Artemis missions will return lunar samples. And UArizona researchers are pursuing funding for the Comet Astrobiology Exploration Sample Return, or CAESAR mission, which would return a sample from a comet.
"The U.S. has been a world leader in sample science, and we want to maintain that, especially here at the University of Arizona," said University of Arizona President Robert C. Robbins. "Extracting the maximum amount of scientific information from modest samples is no easy feat and requires high-tech instrumentation like we have on our campus. I am honored by NASA's continued faith in our expertise, and I look forward to what we will learn."
Scale is everything
The university-led OSIRIS-REx mission was designed to return 60 grams – a little over 2 ounces – of surface material from asteroid Bennu. The mission team estimates that it's collected quite a bit more than that, and the mission's science team members, who are spread all over the world, will be allotted 25% of the total mass collected. A fraction of the sample will be released to investigators who are not part of the OSIRIS-Rex science team, and the remainder will be curated for future generations of researchers.
"We want to be sure we can look at the samples at multiple scales, from something you can see in the palm of your hand, all the way down to the atomic level," Zega said. "To do this, we need extremely sophisticated instrumentation."
The Kuiper Materials Imaging and Characterization Facility includes a focused-ion-beam scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, an electron microprobe laboratory and scanning electron microscopes. A NanoSIMS instrument for measuring chemical elements in a sample is scheduled to arrive in June.
"There are different types of analysis we have to do on samples, and most chemists who study planetary materials specialize in one or several measurement techniques," Zega said. "We all have different specialties, and together our expertise complements one another and rounds out the analytical portfolio that we wanted to build at the university."
The tools: From microscopes to atomic probes
The first in a line of sample probing tools is the light microscope, familiar to many and used for centuries. It helps scientists visualize samples several hundred nanometers to micrometers in size, about the scale of bacteria and cells.
"Visible light microscopes are not able to 'sniff out' the chemical makeup of a sample, but they provide us with images, which might reveal textures and some information on its microstructure," Zega said.
"It also might reveal areas in your sample that you may want to target further," he said. "It might give you a sense of spatial relationship, which might tell you a little bit of the story to start piecing together some history of the sample. But it's not until more sophisticated methods that you start getting more of the picture."
The scanning electron microscope, or SEM, and electron microprobe are used for analyzing samples at a slightly smaller scale. An electron microprobe, also known as an electron probe microanalyzer, is similar to a scanning electron microscope, but offers the added capability of revealing clues about the sample's chemical composition.
"The microprobe allows us to image and map out the chemical heterogeneity in a sample in two dimensions at the micrometer scale, less than half the length of an average-sized bacterial cell," Zega said. "The SEM can do the same thing, although not quite the same level of precision. Both can image and give us compositional information at the microscale, and both are critical in analysis of the sample from Bennu, for example, because that level of information will tell us where in the sample we might want to probe further using NanoSIMS or TEM."
The NanoSIMS instrument measures the chemical elements in a sample, which is important for understanding the origins of the material. Unlike the SEM or microprobe, the NanoSIMS can reveal the isotopic composition of a sample. Isotopes are different varieties of chemical elements.
"The isotopic composition of a planetary material can tell us something about its origins and history that the elemental information alone may not," Zega said. "The NanoSIMS also lets us measure trace elements, which are present in extremely small amounts, at the scale of tens of a nanometer."
The transmission electron microscope operates at the smallest scales, allowing scientists in Zega's lab to see individual atoms.
In 2021, Zega's team used the tool, combined with quantum mechanics, chemical thermodynamics and astrophysical modeling, to reconstruct the origin journey of a dust grain through the nascent solar system.
"Because humans were not around 4.6 billion years ago to witness all of this chemistry happening, we have to examine the leftovers and reverse engineer their origins," Zega said. "That is what these sophisticated analytical tools enable us to do."
Decades in the making
"Our meteoric record is incomplete," Zega said. "Those of us who study meteorites are at the mercy of what falls from the sky; we don't know exactly where they come from, so we try and piece it together."
In the early 2010s, Mike Drake, who served as OSIRIS-REx principal investigator until his passing in 2011, and Lauretta, the mission's current principal investigator, realized that the university needed to build up capabilities in sample science if it was going to take on the mission, according to Zega.
"These guys were visionaries; they knew that we needed a sample return mission, and that was a major catalyst for building out the facility," Zega said. "Since then, we have made an effort to hire the right faculty to lead the lab. This is the culmination of 20 years of that effort."

NSF: UArizona Again Ranks Among Top 20 Public Research Universities, No. 1 in Astronomy and Astrophysics
UArizona saw an increase of more than $9 million over its fiscal year 2020 total and retained its No. 1 ranking in astronomy and astrophysics expenditures.
NSF: UArizona Again Ranks Among Top 20 Public Research Universities, No. 1 in Astronomy and Astrophysics
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By Nick Prevenas, University Communications - December 19, 2022
The University of Arizona is ranked once again among the nation's top public research universities, with $770 million in total research activity in fiscal year 2021, according to data released Thursday by the National Science Foundation.
The university also retained its No. 1 ranking in astronomy and astrophysics expenditures at more than $113 million – more than $40 million ahead of the No. 2-ranked university.
The NSF's Higher Education Research and Development survey annually ranks more than 900 colleges and universities and is considered the primary source of information on research and development expenditures at U.S. colleges and universities.
UArizona saw an increase of more than $9 million over its fiscal year 2020 total. The university's research and development expenditures rank No. 20 among public institutions and No. 36 overall. This ranking places UArizona in the top 4% of all U.S. universities ranked in this list, both public and private. UArizona has held the No. 1 ranking in astronomy and astrophysics expenditures each year since 1987.
"The University of Arizona is one of the world's premier academic research institutions, evidenced by our steady increase in research and development expenditures," said University of Arizona President Robert C. Robbins. "From exploring the deepest corners of our galaxy to our leadership in vitally important efforts surrounding hypersonic technology and the quantum internet, University of Arizona researchers are at the forefront of the world's most exciting scientific discoveries."
The HERD survey also ranked UArizona No. 4 among schools with high Hispanic enrollment. In 2018, the university earned the designation of Hispanic-Serving Institution from the U.S. Department of Education for its success in the enrollment of Hispanic students.
UArizona ranked No. 5 in NASA-funded activity and No. 6 in the physical sciences.
"Powered by the forward thinking approach and determined spirit of our faculty and researchers, the University of Arizona research enterprise saw continued growth in the 2021 fiscal year," said Elizabeth "Betsy" Cantwell, senior vice president for research and innovation. "Vacuuming rubble from the surface of an asteroid in mere seconds, establishing a one-of-a-kind Institute for Global Grand Challenges with partners in France, and designing extended reality experiences to simulate real-life discrimination within our Center for Digital Humanities are among our many successes this year – demonstrative not only of the breadth and depth of our research, but also of its significant impact on society."
The University of Arizona Health Sciences had $305 million in research activity in fiscal year 2021, according to the NSF. This marks the third consecutive year of increases for UArizona Health Sciences, which has five colleges and 16 centers and programs in Tucson, Phoenix and Gilbert, Arizona.
"Our year-over-year increases in research activity are a testament to the University of Arizona Health Sciences' commitment to investigate and solve critical health care problems," said Dr. Michael D. Dake, senior vice president for the University of Arizona Health Sciences. "Our research strengths in areas such as immunology and immunotherapies, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, chronic pain and addiction, and precision health care and treatments have the potential to improve health and well-being not only for Arizonans, but also for people around the world by building healthier communities for all."
UArizona also ranked No. 60 globally and No. 37 in the U.S. in the first edition of Research.com's ranking of the world's top universities.
UArizona's best rankings in the NSF's Higher Education Research and Development survey came in the following categories:
- No. 1: Astronomy and astrophysics
- No. 4: High Hispanic enrollment
- No. 5: NASA-funded activity
- No. 6: Physical sciences
- No. 20: All public universities
- No. 36: All universities
The University of Arizona also earned top-50 placements in the following categories:
- No. 21: Biological and biomedical sciences
- No. 27: Geosciences, atmospheric sciences and ocean sciences
- No. 29: Department of Agriculture expenditures
- No. 29: Agricultural sciences, natural resources and conservation
- No. 35: National Science Foundation expenditures
- No. 35: Science and engineering fields
- No. 39: Life sciences
- No. 41: Social sciences
- No. 42: Chemistry
- No. 45: Computer and information sciences
- No. 50: Department of Health and Human Services expenditures
Research highlights
Some examples of UArizona research that made headlines and had significant impact in fiscal year 2021, between July 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021, include:
OSIRIS-REx spacecraft is headed home with asteroid sample
After nearly five years in space, the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft began its journey back to Earth with an abundance of rocks and dust from near-Earth asteroid Bennu.
UArizona hypersonic experts contributing to $100M consortium
Home to multiple high-speed wind tunnels and facilities for high-temperature materials and manufacturing, UArizona is among the leading institutions working to accelerate research and technology for hypersonic flight.
UArizona partners with French National Centre for Scientific Research to establish France-Arizona Institute for Global Grand Challenges
The University of Arizona and the French National Centre for Scientific Research signed a research collaboration agreement to establish a new international research center focused on the environment, space science, data science and global climate change.
Sixth mirror casting brings Giant Magellan Telescope closer to completion
Underneath the stands of the Arizona Wildcats Football Stadium, engineers from the UArizona Richard F. Caris Mirror Lab manufacture the world's largest and most lightweight telescope mirrors. This year, they began casting the sixth of seven segments that together will make up the primary mirror of the Giant Magellan Telescope.
University of Arizona awarded $26M to architect the quantum internet
The University of Arizona is leading a new National Science Foundation Engineering Research Center, called the Center for Quantum Networks, with core partners Harvard, MIT and Yale.
Study shows SARS-CoV-2 antibodies provide lasting immunity
UArizona Heath Sciences researchers developed one of the most accurate COVID-19 antibody tests available and now have shown antibodies persist for months after infection, providing long-term immunity.
In partnership with UArizona, new nonprofit to launch satellite program to track greenhouse gas emissions
Carbon Mapper, a nonprofit organization partnering with UArizona, announced a groundbreaking program to help improve understanding of and accelerate reductions in global methane and carbon dioxide emissions.
UArizona to lead mission to discover potentially dangerous asteroids
A new mission to find, track and characterize asteroids and comets that may pose a threat to Earth moved one step closer to launch. The Near-Earth Object Surveyor mission – led by Amy Mainzer, a professor in the UArizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory – was approved by NASA to begin its preliminary design phase.
Engineers propose solar-powered lunar ark as 'global insurance policy'
University of Arizona researcher Jekan Thanga is taking scientific inspiration from an unlikely source: the biblical tale of Noah's Ark. Rather than two of every animal, however, his solar-powered ark on the moon would store cryogenically frozen seed, spore, sperm and egg samples from 6.7 million Earth species.
Anti-racism project uses virtual reality to let people 'walk in someone else's shoes'
Bryan Carter, director of the UArizona Center for Digital Humanities, launched a project that uses virtual and augmented reality to re-create common experiences of racism and discrimination. The goal is to help people better understand those experiences by allowing them to "step into the shoes of others."
Einstein's description of gravity just got much harder to beat
Einstein's general theory of relativity – the idea that gravity is matter warping spacetime – has withstood over 100 years of scrutiny and testing, including the newest test by astrophysicists from the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration. According to their findings, Einstein's theory just got 500 times harder to beat.
How cold was the Ice Age?
Researchers now know A UArizona-led team nailed down the temperature of the last ice age – the Last Glacial Maximum of 20,000 years ago – to about 46 degrees Fahrenheit.

Giant Mantle Plume Reveals Mars is More Active than Previously Thought
Orbital observations unveil the presence of an enormous mantle plume pushing the surface of Mars upward and driving intense volcanic and seismic activity.
Giant Mantle Plume Reveals Mars is More Active than Previously Thought
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By Daniel Stolte, University Communications - December 5, 2022
On Earth, shifting tectonic plates reshuffle the planet’s surface and make for a dynamic interior, so the absence of such processes on Mars led many to think of it as a dead planet, where not much happened in the past 3 billion years.
In a study published in Nature Astronomy, scientists from the University of Arizona challenge current views of Martian geodynamic evolution with a report on the discovery of an active mantle plume pushing the surface upward and causing earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The finding suggests that the planet’s deceptively quiet surface may hide a more tumultuous interior than previously thought.
"Our study presents multiple lines of evidence that reveal the presence of a giant active mantle plume on present-day Mars," said Adrien Broquet, a postdoctoral research associate in the UArizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory and co-author of the study with Jeff Andrews-Hanna, an associate professor of planetary science at the LPL.
Mantle plumes are large blobs of warm and buoyant rock that rise from deep inside a planet and push through its intermediate layer – the mantle – to reach the base of its crust, causing earthquakes, faulting and volcanic eruptions. The island chain of Hawaii, for example, formed as the Pacific plate slowly drifted over a mantle plume.
"We have strong evidence for mantle plumes being active on Earth and Venus, but this isn't expected on a small and supposedly cold world like Mars," Andrews-Hanna said. "Mars was most active 3 to 4 billion years ago, and the prevailing view is that the planet is essentially dead today."
"A tremendous amount of volcanic activity early in the planet's history built the tallest volcanoes in the solar system and blanketed most of the northern hemisphere in volcanic deposits," Broquet said. "What little activity has occurred in recent history is typically attributed to passive processes on a cooling planet."
The researchers were drawn to a surprising amount of activity in an otherwise nondescript region of Mars called Elysium Planitia, a plain within Mars' northern lowlands close to the equator. Unlike other volcanic regions on Mars, which haven't seen major activity for billions of years, Elysium Planitia experienced large eruptions over the past 200 million years.
"Previous work by our group found evidence in Elysium Planitia for the youngest volcanic eruption known on Mars," Andrews-Hanna said. "It created a small explosion of volcanic ash around 53,000 years ago, which in geologic time is essentially yesterday."
Volcanism at Elysium Planitia originates from the Cerberus Fossae, a set of young fissures that stretch for more than 800 miles across the Martian surface. Recently, NASA’s InSight team found that nearly all Martian quakes, or marsquakes, emanate from this one region. Although this young volcanic and tectonic activity had been documented, the underlying cause remained unknown.
On Earth, volcanism and earthquakes tend to be associated with either mantle plumes or plate tectonics, the global cycle of drifting continents that continually recycles the crust.
"We know that Mars does not have plate tectonics, so we investigated whether the activity we see in the Cerberus Fossae region could be the result of a mantle plume," Broquet said.
Mantle plumes, which can be viewed as analogous to hot blobs of wax rising in lava lamps. give away their presence on Earth through a classical sequence of events. Warm plume material pushes against the surface, uplifting and stretching the crust. Molten rock from the plume then erupts as flood basalts that create vast volcanic plains.
When the team studied the features of Elysium Planitia, they found evidence of the same sequence of events on Mars. The surface has been uplifted by more than a mile, making it one of the highest regions in Mars’ vast northern lowlands. Analyses of subtle variations in the gravity field indicated that this uplift is supported from deep within the planet, consistent with the presence of a mantle plume.
Other measurements showed that the floor of impact craters is tilted in the direction of the plume, further supporting the idea that something pushed the surface up after the craters formed. Finally, when researchers applied a tectonic model to the area, they found that the presence of a giant plume, 2,500 miles wide, was the only way to explain the extension responsible for forming the Cerberus Fossae.
"In terms of what you expect to see with an active mantle plume, Elysium Planitia is checking all the right boxes," Broquet said, adding that the finding poses a challenge for models used by planetary scientists to study the thermal evolution of planets. "This mantle plume has affected an area of Mars roughly equivalent to that of the continental United States. Future studies will have to find a way to account for a very large mantle plume that wasn't expected to be there.
"We used to think that InSight landed in one of the most geologically boring regions on Mars – a nice flat surface that should be roughly representative of the planet’s lowlands," Broquet added. "Instead, our study demonstrates that InSight landed right on top of an active plume head."
The presence of an active plume will affect interpretations of the seismic data recorded by InSight, which must now take into account the fact that this region is far from normal for Mars.
"Having an active mantle plume on Mars today is a paradigm shift for our understanding of the planet’s geologic evolution," Broquet said, "similar to when analyses of seismic measurements recorded during the Apollo era demonstrated the moon's core to be molten."
Their findings could also have implications for life on Mars, the authors say. The studied region experienced floods of liquid water in its recent geologic past, though the cause has remained a mystery. The same heat from the plume that is fueling ongoing volcanic and seismic activity could also melt ice to make the floods – and drive chemical reactions that could sustain life deep underground.
"Microbes on Earth flourish in environments like this, and that could be true on Mars, as well," Andrews-Hanna said, adding that the discovery goes beyond explaining the enigmatic seismic activity and resurgence in volcanic activity. "Knowing that there is an active giant mantle plume underneath the Martian surface raises important questions regarding how the planet has evolved over time. "We're convinced that the future has more surprises in store."

UArizona Scientists Thrilled by Unprecedented 'Portrait' of an Alien World
Thanks to the James Webb Space Telescope, scientists have identified a "mystery molecule" that previously stumped astronomers. They've also gained insights needed to interpret potential signs of habitability on other exoplanets.
UArizona Scientists Thrilled by Unprecedented 'Portrait' of an Alien World
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By Daniel Stolte, University Communications - November 22, 2022
Leveraging the power of an imaging instrument built at the University of Arizona, NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has given astronomers the first view of an exoplanet's atmosphere in unprecedented detail.
A suite of discoveries to be published in five scientific papers provides a complete molecular and chemical profile of the sky surrounding WASP-39b, a so-called hot Saturn. The planet is about as massive as Saturn but is closer to its star, which is 700 light-years away, than Mercury, the innermost planet of our solar system, is to the sun.
UArizona scientists contributed substantially to the findings, which are based on data collected with JWST's Near-Infrared Camera, or NIRCam, which was designed by a team led by Marcia Rieke, a Regents Professor in the UArizona Steward Observatory.
While JWST and other space telescopes, including NASA's Hubble and Spitzer, previously revealed isolated ingredients of this broiling planet's atmosphere, the new readings from JWST provide a full menu of atoms, molecules, and even signs of active chemistry and clouds, according to a NASA news release.
In one of the "most exciting discoveries," the team reports that it was able to identify and pin down a molecule in the planet's atmosphere that showed up in previous observations but whose identity remained a mystery until now.
"We've now identified that molecule as sulfur dioxide," said Megan Mansfield, a NASA Sagan Fellow at Steward Observatory. "What's even more exciting is that in order for this molecule to be detected as clearly as it was, we think there must have been some photochemistry going on in the atmosphere, which has never been observed in a planet outside of our solar system."
Photochemistry – the process by which energetic starlight initiates chemical reactions that alter a planet's atmosphere – is fundamental for life on Earth, the scientists say. Photochemistry is responsible for maintaining the protective ozone layer in the Earth's upper atmosphere, helps plants and algae grow and allows humans to produce vitamin D in their skin.
Among the major contributors on the UArizona team were Sarah Moran, a postdoctoral research fellow at the UArizona Lunar and Planetary Lab who developed theoretical models of exoplanet atmospheres, and observer Everett Schlawin, an assistant research professor at Steward.
The modeling work by Moran and others led to another first: Scientists needed to apply computer models of photochemical processes to fully explain the data. The resulting improvements in modeling will help build the technological know-how to interpret potential signs of habitability on other exoplanets in the future. The resulting improvements in modeling will help build the technological know-how needed to interpret potential signs of habitability, including on worlds that have yet to be discovered.
To see light from WASP-39b, JWST tracked the planet as it passed in front of its star, allowing some of the star's light to filter through the planet's atmosphere. Different types of chemicals in the atmosphere absorb different colors of the starlight spectrum, so the colors that are missing tell astronomers which molecules are present. By viewing the universe in infrared light, JWST can pick up chemical fingerprints that can't be detected in visible light.
In addition to the "mystery molecule," the instruments on JWST also detected sodium, potassium, water, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere of WASP-39b, Moran said.
The team also found evidence of clouds in the exoplanet's atmosphere.
"We learn that the cloud deck on WASP-39b is not one uniform blanket but has more complex meteorological patterns, similar to the bands of clouds we see on planets in our solar system," Moran said.
The findings bode well for the capability of JWST's instruments to conduct a broad range of investigations of all types of exoplanets, including probing the atmospheres of smaller, rocky planets like those in the TRAPPIST-1 system, which consists of seven potentially Earthlike planets around a single star.
"Our collective effort verified that JWST works incredibly well to measure new molecules in atmospheres and find new mysteries, which is incredibly invigorating," Mansfield said. "NIRSpec (Near Infrared Spectograph), NIRCam, and NIRISS (Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph) meet or even exceed expectations for transmission spectroscopy of exoplanets."

Catalina Sky Survey Predicted Impact of Small Asteroid Over Ontario, Canada
NASA Communications
Catalina Sky Survey Predicted Impact of Small Asteroid Over Ontario, Canada
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NASA Communications - November 22, 2022
In the early hours of Saturday, Nov. 19, the skies over southern Ontario, Canada, lit up as a tiny asteroid harmlessly streaked across the sky high in Earth’s atmosphere, broke up, and likely scattered small meteorites over the southern coastline of Lake Ontario. The fireball wasn’t a surprise. Roughly 1 meter (3 feet) wide, the asteroid was detected 3 ½ hours before impact, making this event the sixth time in history a small asteroid has been tracked in space before impacting Earth’s atmosphere.
NASA is tasked with the detection and tracking of much larger near-Earth objects that could survive passage through Earth’s atmosphere and cause damage on the ground, but those objects can also be detected much further in advance than small ones like the asteroid that disintegrated over southern Ontario. Such small asteroids are not a hazard to Earth, but they can be a useful test for NASA’s planetary defense capabilities for discovery, tracking, orbit determination, and impact prediction.
“The planetary defense community really demonstrated their skill and readiness with their response to this short-warning event,” said Kelly Fast, Near-Earth Object Observations program manager for the Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Such harmless impacts become spontaneous real-world exercises and give us confidence that NASA’s planetary defense systems are capable of informing the response to the potential for a serious impact by a larger object.”
The asteroid was discovered NASA-funded Catalina Sky Survey, which is headquartered at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory at the University of Arizona in Tucson, on the evening of Nov. 18 during routine search operations for near-Earth objects. The observations were quickly reported to the Minor Planet Center (MPC) – the internationally recognized clearinghouse for the position measurements of small celestial bodies – and the data was then automatically posted to the Near-Earth Object Confirmation Page.
NASA’s Scout impact hazard assessment system, which is maintained by the Center for Near Earth Object Studies (CNEOS) at the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, automatically fetched the new data from that page and began calculating the object’s possible trajectory and chances of impact. CNEOS calculates every known near-Earth asteroid orbit to provide assessments of potential impact hazards in support of NASA’s PDCO.
Seven minutes after the asteroid was posted on the confirmation page, Scout had determined it had a 25% probability of hitting Earth’s atmosphere, with possible impact locations stretching from the Atlantic Ocean off the East Coast of North America to Mexico. More observations were then provided by the astronomical community, including amateur astronomers in Kansas, to better refine the asteroid’s trajectory and possible impact location.
“Small objects such as this one can only be detected when they are very close to Earth, so if they are headed for an impact, time is of the essence to collect as many observations as possible,” said Shantanu Naidu, navigation engineer and Scout operator at JPL. “This object was discovered early enough that the planetary defense community could provide more observations, which Scout then used to confirm the impact and predict where and when the asteroid was going to hit.”
As Catalina continued to track the asteroid over the next few hours, Scout used this new data to continually update the asteroid’s trajectory and the system’s assessment of the chance of impact, posting those results on the hazard-assessment system’s webpage.
Community Effort
Many astronomers check the Scout webpage throughout the night to determine the most important asteroids to track. A group of amateur astronomers at Farpoint Observatory in Eskridge, Kansas, tracked the asteroid for more than an hour, providing critical additional data that enabled Scout to confirm a 100% impact probability and determine the expected location of atmospheric entry as being over southern Ontario at 3:27 a.m. EST (12:27 a.m. PST) Nov. 19. With more than two hours remaining before impact, there was time to alert scientists in southwestern Ontario of the bright fireball that would occur.
A total of 46 observations of the asteroid’s position were ultimately collected, the final one being made only 32 minutes before impact by the University of Hawaii 88-inch (2.2-meter) telescope on Mauna Kea.
As predicted, at 3:27 a.m. EST (12:27 a.m. PST), the asteroid streaked through Earth’s atmosphere at a shallow angle and broke up, likely producing a shower of small meteorites and leaving no reported damage on the surface. After this harmless disintegration, the Minor Planet Center designated the asteroid 2022 WJ1 to acknowledge its discovery while still in space.
Dozens of sightings were reported to the American Meteor Society, and scientists who were alerted to the Scout prediction were able to photograph the asteroid’s atmospheric entry. Videos of the fireball collected by the public were also posted online. NASA’s Meteorite Falls website also reported weather radar detections of fragments of the fireball falling as meteorites at the predicted time over Lake Ontario. Small meteorites might be found east of the town of Grimsby while larger meteorites might be nearer the town of McNab.
The first asteroid to be discovered and tracked well before hitting Earth was 2008 TC3, which entered the atmosphere over Sudan and broke up in October 2008. That 13-foot-wide (4-meter-sized) asteroid scattered hundreds of small meteorites over the Nubian Desert. Earlier this year, asteroid 2022 EB5 entered the atmosphere over the Norwegian Sea after Scout accurately predicted its location, becoming the fifth object to be detected before impact. As surveys become more sophisticated and sensitive, more of these harmless objects are being detected before entering the atmosphere, providing real exercises for NASA’s planetary defense program.
Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter
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Mt. Lemmon SkyCenter is an exceptional science learning facility located at Steward Observatory's "sky island" observing site. The SkyCenter builds upon the uniqueness of the 9,157 foot summit of Mt. Lemmon and the extensive knowledge base at the University of Arizona to deliver educational programs, including:
- SkyNights StarGazing Program: open to the public most nights of the year using the Southwest's largest dedicated public telescope! This unique, awe-inspiring opportunity allows guests to peer beyond the blue horizons of our southwestern skies and explore the astronomical wonders of the Universe. The five hour program lets visitors navigate the night sky with binoculars and sky charts, and view spectacular planets, galaxies, and nebulae with our Schulman 32-inch telescope, the largest dedicated public observing telescope in Arizona.
- UA Sky School: year-round residential science programs (1-5 days) open to Arizona 4th -12th grade students at a 25-acre campus on Mt. Lemmon and in the Coronado National Forest. Programs focus on core University of Arizona science areas such as sky island ecology, geology, tree ring science, and astronomy, and meet state and national science standards.
Space Drafts
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Space Drafts is Tucson’s flavor of Astronomy on Tap. Talks are held one Wednesday of every month at one of Tucson’s finest microbreweries, The Borderlands Brewing Company (119 E. Toole Ave., Tucson) at 7.00pm.
Space Drafts is free and open to all ages (of humans and dogs alike).
The Art of Planetary Science (TAPS)
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The Art of Planetary Science is an annual art exhibition run by UA's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory that celebrates the beauty and elegance of science. It was founded by graduate students in 2013 as a public outreach project to engage the local community in our work, and continues to be organized and run by volunteer students each year. The goal behind the show is to present a different side of science to the public, and to show you what we think is beautiful about the solar system. As scientists, it is our job to create knowledge, a process that requires thought, creativity, attention to detail, and imagination. Scientists are encouraged to produce artwork for the show that is created from scientific data, or incorporates scientific ideas, to give you new perspective on why we are passionate about our work. We also ask artists to submit artwork that is inspired by those same themes, and to show us how they view science from their own lens. This event is a very powerful way to bridge the gap between the local science and art communities, and to show how very interconnected the scientific and artistic processes are.

Artemis III
Artemis III
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Artemis III will be the first time humans have set foot on the Moon since the Apollo missions 50 years ago. The Lunar Environmental Monitoring Station (LEMS) is a seismometer package that will study moonquakes to determine current rates of activity and study the Moon’s interior from the crust down to the core. LEMS includes both a triaxial short-period seismometer and a triaxial broadband seismometer.
- Humans Will Again Set Foot on the Moon; This Time, They'll Have UArizona Science in Tow - April 12, 2024
Artemis III Faculty

Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar SystemArtemis III Support Staff

Hop Bailey
Program Manager, UA Space Institute

Carina Bennett
Project Manager and Software Engineer, SAMIS

Tisha Saltzman
Manager, Business-Finance, GUSTO, Manager, Business-Finance, NEO Surveyor

CatSat
CatSat
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CatSat is a 6U CubeSat built and tested by University of Arizona students, faculty, and staff.
The satellite will launch atop a Firefly Alpha rocket into a nearly sun synchronous orbit around the Earth. Thanks to some trickery on behalf of orbital mechanics, this peculiar orbit ensures that the satellite will remain constantly in daylight, maximizing the capabilities of the mission.
During the mission’s six month expected lifetime, CatSat will detect high frequency signals from HAM radio operators all around the globe with its WSPR antenna, demonstrate an inflatable antenna for high bandwidth transmission, and provide high resolution imaging of the Earth. The data this satellite provides will give insights on the variation of the ionosphere and the technical capabilities of the new systems being tested.
CatSat Researchers

Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small Bodies
CUTE
Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE)
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Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment
Dr. Tommi Koskinen is a Co-Investigator on the Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE), which is a four-year, NASA-funded project to design, build, integrate, test, and operate a 6-unit CubeSat (30 cm x 20 cm x 10 cm). CUTE will have a 1-year mission lifetime and will launch in 2020 and use near-ultraviolet (NUV) transmission spectroscopy from 255 to 330 nanometers (nm) to characterize the composition and mass-loss rates of exoplanet atmospheres. CUTE measures how the NUV light from the host star is changed as the exoplanet transits in front of the star and passes through the planet’s atmospheres. CUTE’s spectrally resolved lightcurve will provide constraints on the composition and escape rates of these atmospheres.

DART
Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART)
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Double Asteroid Redirection Test
The DART mission is NASA's demonstration of kinetic impactor technology, impacting an asteroid to adjust its speed and path. DART will be the first-ever space mission to demonstrate asteroid deflection by kinetic impactor.
DART's target is the binary asteroid system Didymos, which means "twin" in Greek (and explains the word "double" in the mission's name). Didymos is the ideal candidate for humankind's first planetary defense experiment, although it is not on a path to collide with Earth and therefore poses no actual threat to the planet. The system is composed of two asteroids: the larger asteroid Didymos (diameter: 780 meters, 0.48 miles), and the smaller moonlet asteroid, Dimorphos (diameter: 160 meters, 525 feet), which orbits the larger asteroid. Currently, the orbital period of Dimorphos around Didymos is 11 hours and 55 minutes, and the separation between the centers of the two asteroids is 1.18 kilometers (0.73 miles). The DART spacecraft will impact Dimorphos nearly head-on, shortening the time it takes the small asteroid moonlet to orbit Didymos by several minutes.
The Didymos system is an eclipsing binary as viewed from Earth, meaning that Dimorphos passes in front of and behind Didymos as it orbits the larger asteroid as seen from Earth. Consequently, Earth-based telescopes can measure the regular variation in brightness of the combined Didymos system to determine the orbit of Dimorphos. After the impact, this same technique will reveal the change in the orbit of Dimoprhos by comparison to measurements prior to impact. The timing of the DART impact in September 2022 was chosen to be when the distance between Earth and Didymos is minimized, to enable the highest quality telescopic observations. Didymos will still be roughly 11 million kilometers (7 million miles) from Earth at the time of the DART impact, but telescopes across the world will be able to contribute to the global international observing campaign to determine the effect of DART's impact.
- NASA Sets Up Collision With Far-away Asteroid - September 21, 2022
- UArizona Spacewatch Discovered the Larger of the Twin Asteroids Targeted in NASA's Upcoming DART Mission Encounter - September 19, 2022
DART Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Ellen Howell
Research Professor
Small Bodies
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small BodiesDART Researchers

Melissa Brucker
Principal Investigator, Spacewatch, Research Scientist
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies
ENVISION
EnVision
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EnVision, a low-altitude polar orbiter, is the M5 mission candidate in the ESA Science Programme. It will carry 5 instruments and 1 experiment (an S-band Synthetic Aperture Radar, a Subsurface Radar, 3 spectrometers and a radio science experiment). EnVision will investigate Venus from its inner core to its atmosphere at an unprecedented scale of resolution, characterising in particular, core and mantle structure, signs of active and past geologic processes and looking for evidence of the past existence of oceans. EnVision will help understanding why the most Earth-like planet in the solar system has turned out so differently, opening a new era in the exploration of our closest neighbour.
ENVISION Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Europa Clipper
Europa Clipper
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Europa Clipper will perform repeated flybys of Jupiter’s moon and use a suite of instruments to investigate whether habitable environments could exist. Europa is one of the Solar System’s “ocean worlds”, with a subsurface liquid water ocean beneath an icy, deformed crust. Camera and spectrometer instruments will study Europa’s surface features and composition and search for erupting plumes, and a thermal instrument will search for regions that are still warm from recent activity. Magnetometers and plasma instruments will study Jupiter’s magnetic interactions to probe the ocean, and a dual-frequency radar will map the subsurface stratigraphy and search for liquid water. Mass spectrometers will analyze the composition of Europa’s exosphere, perhaps detecting organic materials.
Europa Clipper Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesEuropa Clipper Researchers

Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesEuropa Clipper Support Staff

Kris Akers
Research Engineering Technician
Photogrammetry
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
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The 2016 ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) is the first in a series of Mars missions to be undertaken jointly by the two space agencies, ESA and Roscosmos. A key goal of this mission is to gain a better understanding of methane and other atmospheric gases that are present in small concentrations (less than 1% of the atmosphere) but nevertheless could be evidence for possible biological or geological activity.
The Colour and Stereo Surface Imaging System (CaSSIS) is part of the instrument payload on the TGO. CaSSIS will characterise sites that have been identified as potential sources of trace gases and investigate dynamic surface processes – for example, sublimation, erosional processes and volcanism – which may contribute to the atmospheric gas inventory. The instrument will also be used to certify potential landing sites by characterising local slopes, rocks and other possible hazards.
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Faculty

Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Researchers

Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter Support Staff

Guy McArthur
Data Applications Developer, HiRISE

Jason Perry
Staff Technician, HiRISE
Photogrammetry
Christian Schaller
Spacecraft Operations Software Engineer, HiRISE

HelioSwarm
HelioSwarm
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HelioSwarm, a NASA MidEx mission comprised of nine spacecraft selected for launch in 2028, has been designed to reveal the three-dimensional, dynamic mechanisms controlling the physics of turbulence, a universal process driving the transport of mass, momentum, and energy in plasmas throughout our solar system and the Universe. The HelioSwarm Observatory measures the plasma and magnetic fields with a novel configuration of spacecraft in the solar wind, magnetosheath, and magnetosphere. These simultaneous multi-point, multi-scale measurements span MHD, transition, and ion-scales, allowing us to address two overarching science goals: 1) Reveal the 3D spatial structure and dynamics of turbulence in a weakly collisional plasma and 2) Ascertain the mutual impact of turbulence near boundaries and large-scale structures. Addressing these goals is achieved using a first-ever "swarm" of nine spacecraft, consisting of a "hub" spacecraft and eight "node" spacecraft. The nine spacecraft co-orbit in a lunar resonant Earth orbit, with a 2-week period and an apogee/perigee of ~60/11 Earth radii. Flight dynamics design and on-board propulsion produce ideal inter-spacecraft separations ranging from fluid scales (1000's of km) to sub-ion kinetic scales (10's of km) in the necessary geometries to enable the application of a variety of established analysis techniques that distinguish between proposed models of turbulence. Each node possesses an identical instrument suite that consists of a Faraday cup, a fluxgate magnetometer, and a search coil magnetometer. The hub has the same instrument suite as the nodes, plus an ion electrostatic analyzer. With these measurements, the HelioSwarm Observatory promises an unprecedented view into the nature of space plasma turbulence.
HelioSwarm Faculty

Kristopher Klein
Associate Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Hera
Hera
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Hera is the European contribution to an international double-spacecraft collaboration. NASA will first perform a kinetic impact on the smaller of the two bodies, then Hera will follow-up with a detailed post-impact survey that will turn this grand-scale experiment into a well-understood and repeatable planetary defence technique.
While doing so, Hera will also demonstrate multiple novel technologies, such as autonomous navigation around the asteroid - like modern driverless cars on Earth, and gather crucial scientific data, to help scientists and future mission planners better understand asteroid compositions and structures.
Due to launch in 2024, Hera would travel to a binary asteroid system - the Didymos pair of near-Earth asteroids. The 780 m-diameter mountain-sized main body is orbited by a 160 m moon, formally christened 'Dimorphos' in June 2020, about the same size as the Great Pyramid of Giza.
Hera will be humanity's first-ever spacecraft to visit a double asteroid, the Didymos binary system. First, NASA will crash its DART spacecraft into the smaller asteroid - known as Didymoon - before ESA's Hera comes in to map the resulting impact crater and measure the asteroid's mass. Hera will carry two CubeSats on board, which will be able to fly much closer to the asteroid's surface, carrying out crucial scientific studies, before touching down. Hera's up-close observations will turn asteroid deflection into a well-understood planetary defence technique.
Hera Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small Bodies
HiRISE (MRO)
HiRISE, High Resolution Science Experiment (MRO)
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High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment
HiRISE, the high-resolution imaging science experiment onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, is the most powerful camera ever sent to another planet. The resolution of the camera allows us to see the Red Planet in amazing detail, and lets other missions, like the Mars Science Laboratory, find a safe place to land and carry out amazing science. The operations center, which includes not only observation planning, but the execution of commands sent to the spacecraft along with actual image processing, is located within LPL at the University of Arizona.
HiRISE (MRO) Faculty

Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
AstrobiologyHiRISE (MRO) Researchers

Matthew Chojnacki
DCC Associate Research (McEwen)
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesHiRISE (MRO) Support Staff

Kris Akers
Research Engineering Technician
Photogrammetry
Nicole Bardabelias
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE

Nicole Baugh
Uplink Operations Lead, HiRISE

Kristin Block
Principal Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE

David Edmeades
Systems Administrator, PIRL/HiRISE

Ari Espinoza
Outreach Coordinator, HiRISE

Audrie Fennema
Engineer, Satellite Payload Operations, HiRISE
Photogrammetry
Kenny Fine
Senior Systems Administrator, PIRL/HiRISE

Rod Heyd
Project Manager, HiRISE

Richard Leis
Staff Technician, Senior, HiRISE

Guy McArthur
Data Applications Developer, HiRISE

Singleton Papendick
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Jason Perry
Staff Technician, HiRISE
Photogrammetry
Joe Plassmann
Computing Systems Manager, PIRL/HiRISE

Anjani Polit
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX

Sue Robison
Business Manager, Senior, HiRISE

Christian Schaller
Spacecraft Operations Software Engineer, HiRISE

Hubble
Hubble Space Telescope
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Studying the cosmos for over a quarter century, the Hubble Space Telescope has made more than a million observations and changed our fundamental understanding of the universe. Still at the peak of its investigative capabilities and in high demand from astronomers worldwide, Hubble remains one of the most productive scientific instruments ever built. As Hubble continues seeking answers to our deepest cosmic questions, explore the resources below to learn about some of the mission’s discoveries so far.
Hubble Faculty

Gilda Ballester
Research Professor (Retired)
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology
IMAP
Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP)
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Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe
The IMAP mission will help researchers better understand the boundary of the heliosphere, a sort of magnetic bubble surrounding and protecting our solar system. This region is where the constant flow of particles from our Sun, called the solar wind, collides with material from the rest of the galaxy. This collision limits the amount of harmful cosmic radiation entering the heliosphere. IMAP will collect and analyze particles that make it through.
Another objective of the mission is to learn more about the generation of cosmic rays in the heliosphere. Cosmic rays created locally and from the galaxy and beyond affect human explorers in space and can harm technological systems and likely play a role in the presence of life itself in the universe.
The spacecraft will be positioned about one million miles (1.5 million kilometers) away from Earth towards the Sun at what is called the first Lagrange point or L1. This will allow the probe to maximize use of its instruments to monitor the interactions between solar wind and the interstellar medium in the outer solar system.
IMAP Faculty

Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Juno
Juno: Unlocking Jupiter's Mysteries
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Juno will improve our understanding of the solar system's beginnings by revealing the origin and evolution of Jupiter. Specifically, Juno will:
- determine how much water is in Jupiter's atmosphere, which helps to determine which planet formation theory is correct (or if new theories are needed)
- look deep into Jupiter's atmosphere to measure composition, temperature, cloud motions and other properties
- map Jupiter's magnetic and gravity fields, revealing the planet's deep structure
- explore and study Jupiter's magnetosphere near the planet's poles, especially the auroras—Jupiter's northern and southern lights—providing new insights about how the planet's enormous magnetic force field affects its atmosphere.
Juno Faculty

William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
JWST
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
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James Webb Space Telescope
The JWST or Webb is a large infrared telescope with an approximately 6.5 meter primary mirror. It is a space-based observatory, optimized for infrared wavelengths, which will complement and extend the discoveries of the Hubble Space Telescope with its longer wavelength coverage and greatly improved sensitivity. The longer wavelengths enable Webb to look further back in time to find the first galaxies that formed in the early Universe, and to peer inside dust clouds where stars and planetary systems are forming today.
Webb will be the premier observatory of the next decade. It will study every phase in the history of our Universe, ranging from the first luminous glows after the Big Bang, to the formation of solar systems capable of supporting life on planets like Earth, to the evolution of our own Solar System.
JWST Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Mark S. Marley
Director, Department Head, Professor
Exoplanets
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
George Rieke
Regents Professor
Planetary Astronomy
KPLO
Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO)
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Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter
The Korea Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter (KPLO) is South Korea's first lunar mission. It is developed and managed by the Korea Aerospace Reasearch Institute (KARI) and is scheduled to launch in 2019 to orbit the Moon for 1 year carrying an array of South Korean experiments and one U.S. built instrument. The objectives are to develop indigenous lunar exploration technologies, demonstrate a "space internet", and conduct scientific investigations of the lunar environment, topography, and resources, as well as identify potential landing sites for future missions.
ShadowCam is a focused investigation of the Moon’s permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) that will provide critical information about the distribution and accessibility of volatiles in PSRs at spatial scales required to both mitigate risks and maximize the results of future exploration activities. ShadowCam is a high-heritage instrument based on the successful Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LROC) Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) and will be over 800× more sensitive than the current NAC. ShadowCam will address three of the four strategic knowledge gaps (SKGs) through high-resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio imaging of PSRs illuminated only by reflected light, without duplicating measurements from KARI instruments (ShadowCam will saturate while imaging illuminated ground, with no harmful consequences to the shadowed portion of the image).
KPLO Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
LEMS (Artemis III)
Lunar Environmental Monitoring Station (LEMS) (Artemis III)
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Lunar Environmental Monitoring Station (LEMS) (Artemis III)
The Lunar Environment Monitoring Station (LEMS) is a compact, autonomous seismometer suite designed to carry out continuous, long-term monitoring of the seismic environment, namely ground motion from moonquakes to meteorite impacts in the lunar south polar region. The instrument will characterize the regional structure of the Moon’s crust and mantle, which will add valuable information to lunar formation and evolution models.
LEMS (Artemis III) Faculty

Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar SystemLEMS (Artemis III) Researchers

Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small BodiesLEMS (Artemis III) Support Staff

Carina Bennett
Project Manager and Software Engineer, SAMIS

LRO
Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO)
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Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter
The LRO instruments return global data, such as day-night temperature maps, a global geodetic grid, high resolution color imaging and the moon's UV albedo. However there is particular emphasis on the polar regions of the moon where continuous access to solar illumination may be possible and the prospect of water in the permanently shadowed regions at the poles may exist. Although the objectives of LRO are explorative in nature, the payload includes instruments with considerable heritage from previous planetary science missions, enabling transition, after one year, to a science phase under NASA's Science Mission Directorate.
LRO Faculty

William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small BodiesLRO Researchers

Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesLRO Support Staff

Kris Akers
Research Engineering Technician
Photogrammetry
Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Mars 2020
Mars 2020
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The Mars 2020 rover will characterize a region of Mars that could have once been favorable for life. It will investigate the geological history of the site, assess the possibility of past life, and search for biosignatures. The rover is equipped with a drill and will also collect a sample suite that will be cached along the traverse for a possible return to Earth by a future mission. It will have two instruments on an arm that will study the chemistry and mineralogy of rocks, two instruments on a mast for high resolution imaging and spectroscopy, an atmospheric science package, and a radar to map subsurface stratigraphy.
Mars 2020 Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology
Mars Odyssey
Mars Odyssey
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Mars Odyssey is a robotic spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars. Its mission is to use spectrometers and a thermal imager to detect evidence of past or present water and ice, as well as study the planet's geology and radiation environment. It is hoped that the data Odyssey obtains will help answer the question of whether life existed on Mars and create a risk-assessment of the radiation that future astronauts on Mars might experience. It also acts as a relay for communications between the Mars Science Laboratory, and previously the Mars Exploration Rovers and Phoenix lander, to Earth.
View GRS PDS Data Node
Mars Odyssey Faculty

William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small BodiesMars Odyssey Support Staff

Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

MAVEN
Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN)
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Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN
Answers About Mars' Climate History
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) mission is part of NASA's Mars Scout program, funded by NASA Headquarters. Launched in Nov. 2013, the mission will explore the Red Planet’s upper atmosphere, ionosphere and interactions with the sun and solar wind. Scientists will use MAVEN data to determine the role that loss of volatiles from the Mars atmosphere to space has played through time, giving insight into the history of Mars' atmosphere and climate, liquid water, and planetary habitability.
MAVEN Faculty

Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar SystemMAVEN Researchers

Hannes Gröller
Research Scientist/Assistant Staff Scientist
Asteroid Surveys
MMX
Martian Moons eXploration (MMX)
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Martian Moons eXploration
Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) is a Martian moons exploration project aiming for launch in the early 2020s. After launching from the Earth, the spacecraft arrives in the Martian space over a period of about a year, and is entered into an orbit around Mars. After that, it will enter the Quasi Satellite Orbit (QSO) around the Martian moon, and get scientific data and samples from the Martian moon. After the observation and sample collection, the spacecraft will come back to the earth with samples taken from the martin moon. Currently it is assumed that it will be launched in 2024, Martian orbit insertion in 2025, and it will return to the earth in 2029.
By exploring the Martian moon, it is expected to improve technologies for future planet and satellite exploration such as, technologies required for roundtrip between the earth and Mars, the advanced sampling technique on the Martian moon surface, and the optimal communication technology using the deep space network ground station.
MMX Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
MRO
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)
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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) has studied the Red Planet's atmosphere and terrain from orbit since 2006 and also serves as a key data relay station for other Mars missions, including the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity.
Equipped with a powerful camera called HiRISE that has aided in a number of discoveries, the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has sent back thousands of stunning images of the Martian surface that are helping scientists learn more about Mars, including the history of water flows on or near the planet's surface.
MRO Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Virginia Gulick
Research Professor
Astrobiology, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Stefano Nerozzi
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesMRO Researchers

Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesMRO Support Staff

Nicole Bardabelias
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE

Nicole Baugh
Uplink Operations Lead, HiRISE

Kristin Block
Principal Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE

Richard Leis
Staff Technician, Senior, HiRISE

Singleton Papendick
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Anjani Polit
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX

Christian Schaller
Spacecraft Operations Software Engineer, HiRISE

MSL
Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) (Curiosity)
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Mars Science Laboratory
Mars Science Laboratory is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program, a long-term effort of robotic exploration of the red planet. Curiosity was designed to assess whether Mars ever had an environment able to support small life forms called microbes. In other words, its mission is to determine the planet's "habitability.
MSL Faculty

William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small BodiesMSL Support Staff

Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Nautilus
Nautilus
×Nautilus is a revolutionary space telescope concept that builds on a novel technology – engineered material diffractive-transmissive optical elements – to overcome the greatest limitations of space telescopes: non-scalable primary mirrors. By providing large but ultra-light telescope apertures, the Nautilus technology will enable the launch of a large fleet of identical telescopes. With a light-collecting power equivalent to a 50m diameter mirror Nautilus will be capable of surveying thousands of earth-sized habitable zone planets for atmospheric signatures of life.
Nautilus Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
NEOWISE
Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE)
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Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), a NASA infrared-wavelength astronomical space telescope, was active from December 2009 to February 2011. It was launched on December 14, 2009, and decommissioned/hibernated on February 17, 2011 when its transmitter was turned off. It performed an all-sky astronomical survey with images in 3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22 μm wavelength range bands, over 10 months using a 40 cm (16 in) diameter infrared telescope in Earth-orbit. The initial mission length was limited by its hydrogen coolant, but a secondary post-cryogenic mission continued four more months with two of the four detectors remaining operational.
In September 2013, the spacecraft was reactivated, renamed NEOWISE and assigned a new mission: to assist NASA's efforts to identify and characterize the population of near-Earth objects. NEOWISE is also characterizing more distant populations of asteroids and comets to provide information about their sizes and compositions.
NEOWISE Faculty

Robert (Bob) McMillan
Research Professor (Retired)
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
OSIRIS-APEX
OSIRIS-Apophis Explorer (OSIRIS-APEX)
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OSIRIS-APophis EXplorer
The OSIRIS-APEX mission will reprise the discoveries of the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft at a second asteroid, Apophis. An hour after Apophis’s dramatic close approach to Earth on April 13, 2029, The OSIRIS-APEX spacecraft will use Earth’s gravity to put itself on a course to rendezvous with the asteroid to begin an 18-month campaign of investigation and discovery. Having already challenged our understanding of “carbonaceous” (C-complex) asteroids during its exploration of Bennu, the spacecraft instrument suite will provide first-of-its-kind high-resolution data of a “stony” (S-complex) asteroid—dramatically advancing our knowledge of this asteroid class and its connection to the meteorite collection. After 15 months orbiting Apophis, APEX will use its thrusters to dig into the surface. This will allow us to observe subsurface material, which will provide otherwise inaccessible insight into space weathering and the surface strength of stony asteroids.
Although scientific discovery is APEX’s prime motivation, Apophis’ bulk structure and surface strength have critical implications for planetary defense. Shortly after its discovery in 2004, there was concern that Apophis could hit Earth in the 2029 encounter. Further observations ruled out that possibility, and we now know that it does not present any danger for at least 100 years. Nevertheless, as an S-complex object, Apophis represents the most common class of potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) and knowledge of its properties can inform mitigation strategies. Monitoring Apophis during and after Earth approach provides the first opportunity to witness any change in the surfaces and orbits of an asteroid that could influence its likelihood of striking Earth.
OSIRIS-APEX Faculty

Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small Bodies
Tyler Robinson
Associate Professor
Exoplanets
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
AstrobiologyOSIRIS-APEX Researchers

Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small Bodies
Bashar Rizk
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist, OSIRIS-REx/OCAMS
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary AtmospheresAndrew Ryan
Researcher/Scientist, OSIRIS-REx
Planetary Surfaces
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesOSIRIS-APEX Support Staff

Kris Becker
Senior Data Analyst, OSIRIS-REx
Photogrammetry
Carina Bennett
Project Manager and Software Engineer, SAMIS

Denise Blum
Business Manager, OSIRIS-REx

Tony Ferro
System Administrator, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Rose Garcia
R&D Engineer Scientist, OSIRIS-REx

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Damian Hammond
Software Engineer, OSIRIS-REx Telemetry Processing

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

CeeCee Hill
R&D Software Engineer, OSIRIS-APEX

Zachary Komanapalli
Research Technician, OSIRIS-APEX

Megan Montano
Research Technician, OSIRIS-APEX

Anjani Polit
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX

Mathilde Westermann
Lead GIS Development Engineer, OSIRIS-REx

Catherine Wolner
Editor, OSIRIS-REx

OSIRIS-REx
Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx, OREx)
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Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security, Regolith Explorer
OSIRIS-REx launched from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida on Sept. 8, 2016. It arrived at Bennu on Dec. 3, 2018, and began orbiting the asteroid Bennu for the first time on Dec. 31, 2018. On October 20, 2020, OSIRIS-REx made history for NASA when it tagged the surface of asteroid Bennu for 4.7 seconds, triggering a flush of nitrogen gas and collecting the largest sample of extraterrestrial material since the Apollo moon landings. In preparation for the sample collection, the spacecraft had spent two years photographing and mapping the asteroid in tremendous detail. The spacecraft successfully dropped its sample return capsule to return to Earth on Sept. 24, 2023.
The OSIRIS-REx mission seeks answers to questions that are central to the human experience: Where did we come from? What is our destiny? OSIRIS-REx is going to Bennu, a carbon-rich asteroid that records the earliest history of our Solar System, and bringing a piece of it back to Earth. Bennu may contain the molecular precursors to the origin of life and the Earth’s oceans. Bennu is also one of the most potentially hazardous asteroids. It has a relatively high probability of impacting the Earth late in the 22nd century. OSIRIS-REx will determine Bennu’s physical and chemical properties. This will be critical for future scientists to know when developing an impact mitigation mission. Finally, asteroids like Bennu contain natural resources such as water, organics, and precious metals. Future space exploration and economic development will rely on asteroids for these precious materials. Asteroids may one day fuel the exploration of the Solar System by robotic and manned spacecraft.
Touching the Asteroid
OSIRIS-REx Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Jessica Barnes
Associate Professor
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs
William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Pierre Haenecour
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Ellen Howell
Research Professor
Small Bodies
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small Bodies
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
AstrobiologyTimothy Swindle
Professor Emeritus
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Tom Zega
Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small BodiesOSIRIS-REx Researchers

Laura Chaves
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Matthew Chojnacki
DCC Associate Research (McEwen)
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small Bodies
Kana Ishimaru
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Robert Melikyan
PTYS Graduate Student
Orbital Dynamics, Small Bodies
Beau Prince
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Bashar Rizk
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist, OSIRIS-REx/OCAMS
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary AtmospheresAndrew Ryan
Researcher/Scientist, OSIRIS-REx
Planetary Surfaces
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesOSIRIS-REx Support Staff

Kris Becker
Senior Data Analyst, OSIRIS-REx
Photogrammetry
Carina Bennett
Project Manager and Software Engineer, SAMIS

Denise Blum
Business Manager, OSIRIS-REx

Christian d'Aubigny
DCC Deputy Instrument Scientist, OCAMS (Byrne)

Tony Ferro
System Administrator, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Damian Hammond
Software Engineer, OSIRIS-REx Telemetry Processing

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Dolores Hill
Research Specialist, Senior
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
CeeCee Hill
R&D Software Engineer, OSIRIS-APEX

Joshua Kantarges
SAMIS Software Engineer, OSIRIS-REx

Anjani Polit
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX

Mathilde Westermann
Lead GIS Development Engineer, OSIRIS-REx

Catherine Wolner
Editor, OSIRIS-REx

Pandora
Pandora
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Pandora's primary objective is to conduct a long baseline survey of transiting exoplanets orbiting nearby stars with simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations in order to quantify and correct for stellar contamination in transmission spectra and subsequently identify exoplanets with hydrogen or water.
Pandora Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and EvolutionPandora Support Staff

Andrew Gardner
Systems Programmer, Principal

Karl Harshman
Manager, OSIRIS-REx/SPOC

Joshua Kantarges
SAMIS Software Engineer, OSIRIS-REx

Parker Solar Probe
Parker Solar Probe: A NASA Mission to Touch the Sun
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The First Mission to the Nearest Star
Parker Solar Probe will be a historic mission, flying into the Sun's atmosphere (or corona) for the first time. LPL Professor Joe Giacalone is Co-Investigator for the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (IS☉IS) instrument. Coming closer to the Sun than any previous spacecraft, Solar Probe Plus will employ a combination of in situ measurements and imaging to achieve the mission's primary scientific goal: to understand how the Sun's corona is heated and how the solar wind is accelerated. Parker Solar Probe will revolutionize our knowledge of the origin and evolution of the solar wind.
Parker Solar Probe Faculty

Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Kristopher Klein
Associate Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical AstrophysicsParker Solar Probe Researchers

Mihailo Martinović
Researcher/Scientist
Solar and Heliospheric Research
Psyche
Psyche
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Pysche is both the name of an asteroid orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter — and the name of a NASA space mission to visit that asteroid, led by Arizona State University. The mission was chosen by NASA on January 4, 2017 as one of two missions for the agency’s Discovery Program, a series of relatively low-cost missions to solar system targets.
The Psyche spacecraft is targeted to launch in summer 2022 and travel to the asteroid using solar-electric (low-thrust) propulsion, arriving in 2026, following a Mars flyby and gravity-assist in 2023. After arrival, the mission plan calls for 21 months spent at the asteroid, mapping it and studying its properties.
Psyche Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar SystemPsyche Researchers

Namya Baijal
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
RAVEN
Rover–Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network (RAVEN)
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Rover–Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network
A team of scientists led by LPL’s Christopher Hamilton, an associate professor, are gearing up to send drones on exploration missions across a vast lava field in Iceland to test a next-generation Mars exploration concept. Hamilton is the principal investigator on a project that has been awarded a $3.1 million NASA grant to develop a new concept combining rovers and unmanned aerial systems, commonly known as drones, to explore regions of the red planet that have been previously inaccessible.
These new Rover–Aerial Vehicle Exploration Networks will be tested in Iceland to explore volcanic terrains similar to those observed on Mars. RAVEN adds an entirely new approach to NASA’s paradigm of planetary exploration, which traditionally has centered around four steps, each building on the scientific findings of the previous one: flyby, orbit, land and rove, according to Hamilton. The first spacecraft sent to a previously unvisited body in the solar system commonly executes a flyby pass to collect as many data as possible to inform subsequent robotic missions, which consist of another space probe placed into orbit, then a lander, which studies the surface in one place, and, finally, a rover built to move around and analyze various points of scientific interest.
RAVEN Faculty

Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesRAVEN Researchers

Nathan Hadland
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Michael Phillips
Researcher/Scientist
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Snow4Flow
Snow4Flow
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Snow4Flow will capture the spatial variability in snow accumulation and ice volume across 4 Northern Hemisphere (NH) regions containing hundreds of rapidly changing glaciers to deliver more reliable, societally relevant projections of land-ice change. This major advance requires spatially extensive radar-sounding surveys that are not possible from orbit. This EVS-4 mission will drive foundational improvements to NH land-ice boundary conditions and forcing data – including orographic precipitation patterns in alpine environments, ice thickness and subglacial topography – and directly leverages them into state-of-the-art models and projections.
Snow4Flow Faculty

Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Solar Orbiter
Solar Orbiter
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Solar Orbiter is a mission dedicated to solar and heliospheric physics. It was selected as the first medium-class mission of ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 Programme. The programme outlines key scientific questions which need to be answered about the development of planets and the emergence of life, how the Solar System works, the origins of the Universe, and the fundamental physics at work in the Universe.
Solar Orbiter Faculty

Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical AstrophysicsSolar Orbiter Researchers

Mihailo Martinović
Researcher/Scientist
Solar and Heliospheric Research
SPARCS
Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS)
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Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat
The Star-Planet Activity Research CubeSat (SPARCS) is a small space telescope about the size and shape of a family-size Cheerios box.
It is built of six cubical units, each about four inches on a side. These are joined to make a spacecraft two units wide by three long in what is termed a 6U spacecraft; solar power panels extend like wings from one end.
The mission which SPARCS will undertake is monitoring the flares and sunspot activity of M-type stars, also called red dwarfs, in the far- and near-ultraviolet. The purpose of this is to assess how habitable the space environment is for planets orbiting them.
SPARCS Faculty

Travis Barman
Professor
Exoplanets
VERITAS
Venus Emissivity, Radio science, InSAR, Topography, And Spectroscopy (VERITAS)
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Venus Emissivity, Radio science, InSAR, Topography, And Spectroscopy
VERITAS is a Venus orbiter designed to reveal how the paths of Venus and Earth diverged, and how Venus lost its potential as a habitable world.
VERITAS Faculty

Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar SystemVERITAS Researchers

Joseph Schools
Researcher/Scientist

Voyager
Voyager
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The Voyager program is an American scientific program that employs two robotic probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2, to study the outer Solar System. The probes were launched in 1977 to take advantage of a favorable alignment of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Although their original mission was to study only the planetary systems of Jupiter and Saturn, Voyager 2 continued on to Uranus and Neptune. The Voyagers now explore the outer boundary of the heliosphere in interstellar space; their mission has been extended three times and they continue to transmit useful scientific data. Neither Uranus nor Neptune has been visited by a probe other than Voyager 2.
Voyager Faculty

Robert Brown
Professor Emeritus

Jay Holberg
Senior Research Scientist (Retired)

Jozsef Kota
Senior Research Scientist (Retired)
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Bill Sandel
Senior Research Scientist (Retired)

Robert Strom
Professor Emeritus
Voyager Support Staff

Michael Fitzgibbon
Software Engineer, Lead Calibration & Validation, OSIRIS-REx

Asteroid Surveys
Asteroid Surveys
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Catalina Sky Survey
The mission of the Catalina Sky Survey is to contribute to the inventory of near-earth objects (NEOs), or more specifically, the potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) that pose an impact risk to Earth and its inhabitants.
The identification of the iridium anomaly at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary (Alvarez et al. 1980), associated Chicxulub impact crater (Hildebrand et al. 1991) and the Permian-Triassic "great dying" possibly being associated with Australian Bedout Crater (Becker et al. 2004) strongly suggest that impacts by minor planets play an important role in the evolution of life.

SPACEWATCH®
The primary goal of SPACEWATCH® is to explore the various populations of small objects in the solar system, and study the statistics of asteroids and comets in order to investigate the dynamical evolution of the solar system. SPACEWATCH® also finds potential targets for interplanetary spacecraft missions, provides follow-up astrometry of such targets, and finds objects that might present a hazard to the Earth.
Asteroid Surveys Faculty
Asteroid Surveys Researchers

Adam Battle
R&D Software Engineer, SPACE 4 Center
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Melissa Brucker
Principal Investigator, Spacewatch, Research Scientist
Asteroid Surveys, Small BodiesAsteroid Surveys Support Staff

Tracie Beuden
Survey Operations Specialist, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Terrence Bressi
Engineer/Observer, Spacewatch
Asteroid Surveys
Vivian Carvajal
Survey Operations Specialist, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid SurveysDon Fay
R&D Systems Engineer, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Jacqueline Fazekas
Research Technologist, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Alex Gibbs
Principal Engineer, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Albert Grauer
Technical Expert, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Joshua Hogan
Research Technologist, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Richard Kowalski
Research Specialist, Senior, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Jeffrey Larsen
Technical Expert, Spacewatch
Asteroid Surveys
Gregory Leonard
Research Specialist, Senior, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Ronald Mastaler
Observer, Spacewatch
Asteroid Surveys
David Rankin
R&D Operations Engineer, Catalina Sky Survey
Asteroid Surveys
Michael Read
Chief Engineer/Observer, Spacewatch
Asteroid Surveys
Astrobiology
Astrobiology
×Astrobiology is a vibrant, interdisciplinary field that focuses on the study of the origins, distribution and evolution of life in the universe. The Arizona Astrobiology Center (AABC) brings together researchers from across campus to serve as a hub for diverse scientific endeavors, providing bold and transformative dialogue to make astrobiology discoveries relevant to the experiences of all people on Earth.
In addition to the strengths of AABC, U of A is home to two of the eight interdisciplinary research teams selected by the NASA Astrobiology Program to inaugurate its Interdisciplinary Consortia for Astrobiology Research program are located at the University of Arizona. Led by Dániel Apai, the teams were selected from a pool of more than 40 proposals. The breadth and depth of the research of these teams spans the spectrum of astrobiology research, from cosmic origins to planetary system formation, origins and evolution of life, and the search for life beyond Earth.
The University of Arizona offers both undergraduate and graduate minors in Astrobiology.

Arizona Astrobiology Center
Researchers and students benefit from a long campus history of interdisciplinary collaboration drawing from astronomy, planetary sciences, chemistry, geo- and biological sciences and early engagement with pioneering NASA astrobiology nodes.
Astrobiology Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Virginia Gulick
Research Professor
Astrobiology, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Pierre Haenecour
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Peter Smith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology
Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar System
Tom Zega
Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small BodiesAstrobiology Researchers

Galen Bergsten
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Jacob Bernal
DCC Postdoctoral Research Associate (Zega), NSF Postdoctoral Fellow
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
David Cantillo
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Maddy Christensen
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology
Dingshan Deng
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Searra Foote
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Kiki Gonglewski
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Nathan Hadland
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Michael Phillips
Researcher/Scientist
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Lily Robinthal
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Christina Singh
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Lucas Smith
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry
Kayla Smith
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Jingyu Wang
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
James Windsor
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Cosmochemistry
Cosmochemistry
×Planetary Materials are those pieces of condensed matter that were leftover from the time that our solar system formed over 4.5 billion years ago. Current emphasis is on determining the structure of materials at the atomic scale using transmission electron microscopy. In addition, we are pursuing instrumentation to analyze samples that will be brought back from asteroids and other Solar System bodies in the 2020s.

Planetary Materials Research Group
Planetary Materials are those pieces of condensed matter that were leftover from the time that our solar system formed over 4.5 billion years ago. Such materials include interplanetary dust particles, pre-solar grains, primitive meteorites and soils from the Moon and asteroids. The Planetary Materials Research Group studies the constituent minerals within such samples at scales ranging from micrometers down to the atomic. We use information on crystal structure and chemistry to understand the conditions under which such minerals formed.
Cosmochemistry Faculty

Jessica Barnes
Associate Professor
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs
William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Pierre Haenecour
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational AwarenessTimothy Swindle
Professor Emeritus
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Tom Zega
Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small BodiesCosmochemistry Researchers

Elana Alevy
PTYS Graduate Student, Research Technician
Cosmochemistry
Maizey Benner
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Jacob Bernal
DCC Postdoctoral Research Associate (Zega), NSF Postdoctoral Fellow
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Elias Bloch
Researcher/Scientist
Cosmochemistry
Laura Chaves
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Samuel Crossley
Researcher/Scientist
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies
Kana Ishimaru
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry, Small BodiesNicole Kerrison
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Melissa Kontogiannis
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Iunn Ong
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Beau Prince
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry
Lucas Smith
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry
Nathalia Vega Santiago
PTYS Graduate Student
CosmochemistryCosmochemistry Support Staff

Dolores Hill
Research Specialist, Senior
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Earth
Earth
×
Earth Dynamics Observatory
Combines the University’s strengths in space exploration, instrumentation, and earth sciences to learn more about our planet. Collecting information about Earth from space provides new information about how Earth systems work, how they are changing, and how humans might anticipate and respond to changes. Integrating UA’s expertise across diverse disciplines, in partnership with agencies and industry, allows researchers to collaboratively pose questions, design instruments to acquire the data needed to answer the questions, get the instruments into space to collect and transmit the data, analyze the data, and interpret its meaning. The results, especially when combined with ground-based data, will place the university at the forefront of understanding and educating others about how our planet functions and how we can mitigate and respond to hazards.

CatSat
CatSat is a 6U CubeSat being built and tested by University of Arizona students, faculty, and staff.
During the mission’s six month expected lifetime, CatSat will detect high frequency signals from HAM radio operators all around the globe with its WSPR antenna, demonstrate an inflatable antenna for high bandwidth transmission, and provide high resolution imaging of the Earth. The data this satellite provides will give insights on the variation of the ionosphere and the technical capabilities of the new systems being tested.
Earth Faculty

Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Lon Hood
Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Geophysics
Stefano Nerozzi
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical AstrophysicsEarth Researchers

Brett Carr
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Michael Daniel
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Nathan Hadland
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesEarth Support Staff

Singleton Papendick
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Exoplanets
Exoplanets
×Understanding planetary evolution and how life emerged on Earth are among the most fundamental questions in planetary science and astronomy. We are living in an exciting era where, in addition to the planets in our Solar System, we can study and characterize thousands of exoplanets orbiting other stars. Exoplanet studies at LPL cover a broad range of topics and benefit from unique departmental collaborations that bridge Solar System planetary science to astronomy. Key themes include the characterization and dispersal of protoplanetary disks around young stars, dynamics and stability of planetary systems, direct imaging and transit observations of exoplanets, and exoplanet atmospheric formation, evolution, and characterization.
Exoplanets Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Gilda Ballester
Research Professor (Retired)
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Travis Barman
Professor
Exoplanets
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Tommi Koskinen
Associate Department Head, Associate Professor
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Titan & Outer Solar System
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Mark S. Marley
Director, Department Head, Professor
Exoplanets
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Tyler Robinson
Associate Professor
Exoplanets
Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar SystemExoplanets Researchers

Rahul Arora
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Arin Avsar
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Naman Bajaj
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Galen Bergsten
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Dingshan Deng
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Searra Foote
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Kiki Gonglewski
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Kylie Hall
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets
Joanna Hardesty
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Lori Huseby
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Chaucer Langbert
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Fuda Nguyen
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Lily Robinthal
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Kayla Smith
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary AtmospheresAnna Taylor
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Theoretical Astrophysics
Jingyu Wang
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
James Windsor
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Lunar Studies
Lunar Studies
×Lunar research was one of the hallmarks of the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory in its first decade (the 1960s) as the United States prepared for the Apollo missions and LPL led the way in mapping possible landing sites. In the half-century since, the kinds of lunar research performed have changed, but the Moon is still an object of intense scrutiny. Our nearest neighbor in space lacks many of the processes occurring on the surface of Earth today, including the effects of wind, water and biology, so the rocks on its surface contain records of a much earlier era of Solar System history. On the other hand, because it lacks either an atmosphere or a strong internal magnetic field, its surface experiences effects that the Earth’s surface does not. Current LPL researchers study many different aspects of the Moon, including its composition, history, surface properties, magnetic field, interior structure, and even its tenuous atmosphere. Although the first studies were done with telescopes, we now have everything from the samples returned in the Apollo missions to modern spacecraft missions in orbit around the Moon. Read more about our history with lunar research.
Lunar Studies Faculty

Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Jessica Barnes
Associate Professor
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs
William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesTimothy Swindle
Professor Emeritus
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies, Theoretical AstrophysicsLunar Studies Researchers

Brett Carr
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Orbital Dynamics
Orbital Dynamics
×Kepler's laws of planetary motion turn out to be far from the last word on planetary orbits. Orbits change over time, some changes are slow and periodic, others are chaotic and dramatic; these determine the architecture of planetary systems. In orbital dynamics research, we seek to discover the past and future of planetary systems - the diverse effects of gravity that shape where and how planets form and how their orbits evolve in time. We study the orbital evolution of planetary and satellite systems, and small bodies (asteroids and comets), as well as interplanetary dust, in the solar system and in exo-planetary systems. We seek discovery and understanding of the dynamical transport processes of planetary materials across vast distances in space and over geologically long times. We study how Earth's habitability is affected by its orbital history, and how orbital dynamics shapes extra-terrestrial environments.
Recent News
July 2020
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Kathryn Volk is now the Chair of the AAS Division on Dynamical Astronomy
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A new paper by Kathryn Volk (co-authored with Renu Malhotra) on the source of dynamical instability in multiplanet systems: "Dynamical instabilities in systems of multiple short-period planets are likely driven by secular chaos: a case study of Kepler-102" Volk & Malhotra 2020, AJ in press
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Steward Observatory Graduate Student Rachel Smullen and Kathryn Volk had a paper accepted about using machine learning to dynamically classify Kuiper belt objects: "Machine Learning Classification of Kuiper Belt Populations" Smullen & Volk, MNRAS in press
June 2020
- A new paper by Prof Renu Malhotra describes the discovery of low eccentricity bridges between first order mean motion resonances: On the Divergence of First Order Resonance Widths at Low Eccentricities
- Graduate Student Nathaniel Hendler led this new paper on measuring the sizes of 199 protoplanetary disks: The Evolution of Dust Disk Sizes from a Homogeneous Analysis of 1-10 Myr old Stars
March 2020
- Regents Professor Renu Malhotra co-authored this paper on Search for L5 Earth Trojans with DECam, Markwardt et al., MNRAS, 492(4):6105-6119 (2020)
February 2020
- Graduate student Hamish Hay successfully defended his PhD Dissertation, “A Tale of Tides: icy satellites, subsurface oceans, and tightly-packed planetary systems”
- Graduate student Teddy Kareta led this paper on the new interstellar object 2I/Borisov Carbon Chain Depletion of 2I/Borisov
December 2019
- A new paper led by graduate student Teddy Kareta "Physical Characterization of the 2017 December Outburst of the Centaur 174P/Echeclus", (2019), Astronomical Journal, 158, 6.
- Regents Professor Renu Malhotra’s work featured in the Economist How the planets got their spots - The Economist, December 2019
November 2019
- Resonant Kuiper Belt Objects: a review, Geoscience Letters, 6:12 (2019). (a review paper by Regents Professor Renu Malhotra)
October 2019
- Kathryn Volk’s work featured in UA News Beyond Jupiter, Researchers Discovered a 'Cradle of Comets'
August 2019
- A new paper by visiting graduate student Lan Lei and Regents Professor Renu Malhotra Neptune's resonances in the Scattered Disk, CMDA, 131, article ID 39, 26 pp. (2019)
April 2019
- A new paper led by graduate student Hamish Hay Tides Between the TRAPPIST-1 Planets
March 2019
- LPL’s 2019 Kuiper Award goes to graduate student Hamish Hay!
February 2019
- Nonlinear tidal dissipation in the subsurface oceans of Enceladus and other icy satellites (a new paper led by Hamish Hay)
- The case for a deep search for Earth's Trojan asteroids, Nature Astronomy (18 February 2019). (A Comment by Regents Professor Renu Malhotra)
- Regents Professor Renu Malhotra quoted in PBS Nova article Battle scars on Pluto and Charon, PBS Nova, February 2019
December 2018
- Regents Professor Renu Malhotra’s work featured in the New York Times A Journey into the Solar System’s outer reaches, New York Times, December 2018
- Regents Professor Renu Malhotra’s work featured in Science magazine Did the ancient Sun go on a diet? Science, December 2018
November 2018
- A paper led by Teddy Kareta "Rotationally Resolved Spectroscopic Characterization of Near-Earth Object (3200) Phaethon", (2018)
September 2018
- A paper co-authored by graduate student Hamish Hay Ocean tidal heating in icy satellites with solid shells
June 2018
- Associate Professor of Practice Steve Kortenkamp’s Project POEM featured in the UA News UA Encourages Visually Impaired Teens in STEM - June 13, 2018
December 2017
- Nathaniel Hendler led this paper on the transition disc of T Chameleon A likely planet-induced gap in the disc around T Cha
Orbital Dynamics Faculty

Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical AstrophysicsOrbital Dynamics Researchers

Robert Melikyan
PTYS Graduate Student
Orbital Dynamics, Small Bodies
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Photogrammetry
Photogrammetry
×Topography derived from stereo images is an essential data type for exploring the surfaces of other planets and for understanding our own planet Earth. Acquiring stereo images from aerial, satellite, or small uncrewed aerial systems (aka drones) is now commonplace. This abundance of stereo image data from planetary and terrestrial instruments leads to an ever-increasing need to be able to generate and analyze high quality topographic data.
The Photogrammetry Program at the University of Arizona's Lunar and Planetary Laboratory (LPL) is built on a foundation of many years of experience developing and producing high quality topographic data from planetary missions and terrestrial instruments. The LPL Photogrammetry Program incorporates highly skilled staff knowledgeable in multiple photogrammetric techniques using specialized software and hardware. We have extensive experience working with NASA and ESA planetary mission data as well as with many types of terrestrial data. We provide training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students, and other members of the scientific community, through our mission operations work and NASA-sponsored workshops held at the LPL Space Imagery Center.
Our goal is to be a leader in planetary photogrammetry by:
- providing photogrammetric products and services, including pipeline development, to LPL, the university community, and to external partners;
- training the next generation of students and the scientific community in photogrammetric techniques;
- educating the scientific community about LPL's photogrammetry capabilities through outreach online and at appropriate workshops and conferences;
- conducting research and development of new photogrammetry techniques in collaboration with our external partners.
Program Lead
Sarah Sutton
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Photogrammetry Faculty

Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesPhotogrammetry Researchers

Roberto Aguilar
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces
Brett Carr
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Matthew Chojnacki
DCC Associate Research (McEwen)
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Claire Cook
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Kenneth Edmundson
DCC Associate Research (Lauretta)
Photogrammetry
Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small Bodies
Rowan Huang
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces
Euibin Kim
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces
Michael Phillips
Researcher/Scientist
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Christina Singh
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesPhotogrammetry Support Staff

Kris Akers
Research Engineering Technician
Photogrammetry
Kris Becker
Senior Data Analyst, OSIRIS-REx
Photogrammetry
Audrie Fennema
Engineer, Satellite Payload Operations, HiRISE
Photogrammetry
Jason Perry
Staff Technician, HiRISE
Photogrammetry
Planetary Analogs
Planetary Analogs
×
Hamilton Research Group
Dr. Hamilton's Research Group investigates a range of geologic surface processes to better understand the history of terrestrial bodies in the Solar System. These processes include volcanic, tectonic, glacial, fluvial, aeolian, and impact cratering activity, which we explore through a combination of field-based observations, remote sensing, geophysical modeling, and machine learning.

Seismometer to Investigate Ice and Ocean Structure (SIIOS)
The icy moons of Europa and Enceladus are thought to have subsurface oceans in contact with mineral-rich interiors, likely providing the ingredients needed for life as we know it. Their crustal thickness and structure is therefore one of the most important and controversial topics in astrobiology. In a future lander-based spacecraft investigation, seismic measurements will be a key geophysical tool for obtaining this critical knowledge. The Seismometer to Investigate Ice and Ocean Structure (SIIOS) field-tests flight-ready technologies and develops the analytical methods necessary to make a seismic study of Europa and Enceladus a reality.

Rover–Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network (RAVEN)
A team of scientists led by LPL’s Christopher Hamilton, an associate professor, are gearing up to send drones on exploration missions across a vast lava field in Iceland to test a next-generation Mars exploration concept. Hamilton is the principal investigator on a project that has been awarded a $3.1 million NASA grant to develop a new concept combining rovers and unmanned aerial systems, commonly known as drones, to explore regions of the red planet that have been previously inaccessible.

Terrestrial And Planetary Investigations and Reconnaissance (TAPIR)
TAPIR research themes include debris-covered glaciers, terrestrial glaciers and ice sheets, Mars polar studies, and geophysical instrumentation techniques.
Planetary Analogs Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Jessica Barnes
Associate Professor
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs
Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Virginia Gulick
Research Professor
Astrobiology, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Stefano Nerozzi
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesPlanetary Analogs Researchers

Brett Carr
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Claire Cook
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Samuel Crossley
Researcher/Scientist
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies
Nathan Hadland
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Samantha Moruzzi
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Michael Phillips
Researcher/Scientist
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Christina Singh
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Wesley Tucker
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Planetary Astronomy
Planetary Astronomy
×The planets of the solar system, along with their satellite systems, are our only accessible example of the end state of planetary system development. Observational study of these worlds provides us insight into how systems of planets form, the role of migration, bombardment and stellar interaction in their evolution, and the range of potential sites of habitability. Planetary astronomy at LPL targets planets on multiple levels ranging from observations of surface features and composition, through the dynamic and chemical processes in their atmospheres, and ultimately to the interface of their magnetic and atmospheric interaction with the solar wind. These measurements are obtained from a combination of in situ robotic probes, a global network of ground and space-based observatories, and customized instrumentation developed by LPL scientists and engineers. The results are then interpreted in coordination with local laboratory based and theoretical facilities to improve our understanding of the solar neighborhood.
Planetary Astronomy Faculty

Gilda Ballester
Research Professor (Retired)
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Pierre Haenecour
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Walter Harris
Professor
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Robert (Bob) McMillan
Research Professor (Retired)
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
George Rieke
Regents Professor
Planetary AstronomyPlanetary Astronomy Researchers

Arin Avsar
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Jason Corliss
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Erich Karkoschka
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Lily Robinthal
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Jingyu Wang
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
James Windsor
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Planetary Atmospheres
Planetary Atmospheres
×The Lunar and Planetary Laboratory has a strong background in the study of planetary and satellite atmospheres. Since the pioneering days of Gerard Kuiper, atmospheres have been an integral part of the research program at LPL. Faculty and staff have been involved in most major space missions that have targeted planetary and satellite atmospheres in the solar system. They have served in leadership roles and participated in instrument development, management as well as the analysis and interpretation of the science results. While prior research focused on the solar system, the department is now also actively involved in the study of extrasolar planet atmospheres. LPL scientists benefit from knowledge gained over decades of detailed solar system studies and apply it to explain new discoveries on extrasolar planets.
Current research into planetary and satellite atmospheres at LPL includes many aspects of solar system and extrasolar planets. LPL scientists are analyzing data and developing models to characterize the atmospheres of Venus, Earth and Mars in the inner solar system. They are involved in research and missions dedicated to the study of the giant planet, satellite and dwarf planet atmospheres in the outer solar system. Beyond the solar system, there is a vibrant effort to observe and model the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. This includes spectroscopic studies and models of extrasolar giant planets as well as efforts to define and constrain the habitability of rocky planet atmospheres for future studies. The goal of these research endeavors is to address fundamental questions about the nature, evolution and habitability of planetary and satellite atmospheres.
Planetary Atmospheres Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Gilda Ballester
Research Professor (Retired)
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Walter Harris
Professor
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Tommi Koskinen
Associate Department Head, Associate Professor
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Titan & Outer Solar System
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar SystemPlanetary Atmospheres Researchers

Rahul Arora
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Galen Bergsten
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Zarah Brown
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Jason Corliss
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Searra Foote
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Joanna Hardesty
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Lori Huseby
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Erich Karkoschka
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Chaucer Langbert
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres
Thea McKenna
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary SurfacesCole Meyer
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Fuda Nguyen
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Tyler Reese
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Bashar Rizk
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist, OSIRIS-REx/OCAMS
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary Atmospheres
Lily Robinthal
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Kayla Smith
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary AtmospheresAnna Taylor
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Theoretical Astrophysics
Jingyu Wang
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
James Windsor
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres
Chengyan Xie
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Planetary Formation and Evolution
Planetary Formation and Evolution
×Exoplanet discoveries made in the past decade have revealed that planetary systems are ubiquitous in the Universe and far more diverse than predicted by theoretical models that could reproduce the properties of our own Solar System. At LPL, our research efforts include studying the environments where planets form, the gaseous and dusty disks around young stars. Additionally, we engage in theoretical explorations to better comprehend the process of planetary formation and evolution under different initial conditions. Through the integration of observational data from disks and exoplanets with theoretical models, LPL scientists aim at developing a comprehensive and predictive theory of how planets are formed and how they evolve over time.
Planetary Formation and Evolution Faculty

Dániel Apai
Interim Associate Dean for Research, College of Science, Principal Investigator, Alien Earths, Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Tommi Koskinen
Associate Department Head, Associate Professor
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Titan & Outer Solar System
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Ilaria Pascucci
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical AstrophysicsPlanetary Formation and Evolution Researchers

Arin Avsar
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Naman Bajaj
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Galen Bergsten
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Zarah Brown
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Sophie Clark
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Formation and Evolution
Samuel Crossley
Researcher/Scientist
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies
Dingshan Deng
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Kiki Gonglewski
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Joanna Hardesty
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Euibin Kim
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces
Feng Long
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Sagan Fellow
Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Fuda Nguyen
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Peter Stephenson
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Formation and EvolutionRobin Van Auken
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces
Chengyan Xie
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution
Planetary Geophysics
Planetary Geophysics
×At LPL, we use planetary geophysics to study the interior structure and dynamics of solid planetary bodies. Geophysical data provides a means to see beneath the surfaces of the planets. Radar data is used to peer through the clouds of Venus and Titan, to measure the surface topography of Venus and Titan, and to probe the interiors of glaciers and lava flows on Mars. Laser altimeters have measured the surface topography of Mars and the Moon with incredible precision. Gravity data illuminates the structure of the crust and mantle of the Moon, Mars, Venus, and Mercury. Magnetic data reveals the presence of ancient dynamos in the cores of the Moon and Mars and an active dynamo on Mercury. The global shapes and gravity fields of the planets and how they deform in response to rotation and tides reveal the deep interior structure all the way down to the core.
Geophysical models provide a means to study the processes operating at and below the surfaces of the planets, both today and in the past. Models of the flow of water through surface and ground water, and as ice through glaciers inform our understanding of the past hydrology and climate of Mars, while models of methane flow on Titan help us understand its active hydrocarbon hydrology. Models of volcanic and tectonic processes and the response of the lithosphere reveal details of the crustal evolution of the terrestrial planets and other solid-surface bodies. Models of impacts show the dynamics of cosmic collisions ranging from small crater-forming impacts to the Moon-forming impact. Models of the rotational and tidal deformation of planets and satellites help constrain their internal structure and thermal evolution. Together, geophysical data and models provide the keys to unlocking the past evolution and present-day structure of the planets.

Terrestrial And Planetary Investigations and Reconnaissance (TAPIR)
TAPIR research themes include debris-covered glaciers, terrestrial glaciers and ice sheets, Mars polar studies, and geophysical instrumentation techniques.
Planetary Geophysics Faculty

Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Lon Hood
Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Geophysics
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Stefano Nerozzi
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary SurfacesPlanetary Geophysics Researchers

Namya Baijal
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Claire Cook
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Samantha Moruzzi
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Wesley Tucker
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Planetary Surfaces
Planetary Surfaces
×Planetary surfaces are influenced by their interior processes (e.g. volcanoes), exterior effects (e.g. impact cratering) and their atmospheres (e.g. wind and rain) and so can be incredibly informative when it comes to figuring out a planet’s history. The decade from the mid-1960s to mid-1970s saw the exploration of much of the inner solar system with the photography of surfaces of the Moon (including its unseen far-side), Mercury and Mars. LPL’s previous work on telescopic mapping of the lunar surface had left it well prepared to play leading roles in most of these missions and the interpretation of the data they returned. In the following decades, LPL continued contributing to the study of planetary surfaces around the solar system with cameras aboard the Mars Pathfinder mission, the Huygens lander on Saturn’s moon Titan and the operation of the Phoenix lander on Mars. The study of these surfaces has also grown in sophistication and now includes analysis of surface composition from remote spacecraft as well as analysis of returned samples here in the laboratory.
Today at Mars, LPL is operating the HiRISE camera aboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, which takes higher resolution images than any camera to fly on a planetary mission. LPL was home to the VIMS instrument on the Cassini spacecraft, which took images in hundreds of different colors to allow the composition of the target to be determined. LPL faculty also have ongoing involvement in numerous other instruments and missions investigating planetary surfaces.
Planetary Surfaces Group Meetings

Terrestrial And Planetary Investigations and Reconnaissance (TAPIR)
TAPIR research themes include debris-covered glaciers, terrestrial glaciers and ice sheets, Mars polar studies, and geophysical instrumentation techniques.
Planetary Surfaces Faculty

Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Veronica Bray
Associate Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Virginia Gulick
Research Professor
Astrobiology, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Christopher Hamilton
Associate Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Jack Holt
Professor, EDO Director
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Alfred McEwen
Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Stefano Nerozzi
Assistant Research Professor
Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces
Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational AwarenessPlanetary Surfaces Researchers

Roberto Aguilar
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces
Namya Baijal
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Brett Carr
Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Matthew Chojnacki
DCC Associate Research (McEwen)
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Claire Cook
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Michael Daniel
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Gabriel Gowman
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces
Nathan Hadland
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Earth, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Orion Hon
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces
Rowan Huang
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces
Rocio Jacobo Bojorquez
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces
Erich Karkoschka
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Euibin Kim
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces
Kiana McFadden
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Thea McKenna
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary SurfacesCole Meyer
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Samantha Moruzzi
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Carter Mucha
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces
Michael Phillips
Researcher/Scientist
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary SurfacesAndrew Ryan
Researcher/Scientist, OSIRIS-REx
Planetary Surfaces
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Christina Singh
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Wesley Tucker
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar SystemRobin Van Auken
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary SurfacesPlanetary Surfaces Support Staff

Singleton Papendick
Science Operations Engineer, HiRISE
Earth, Planetary Surfaces
Small Bodies
Small Bodies
×LPL has long been a leader in researching the small bodies of the solar system. Active research includes:
- Two world-renowned groundbased asteroid survey programs: SPACEWATCH®, directed by Dr. Melissa Brucker, claims a number of firsts in hunting for small bodies, many related to being the first to use CCD-scanning routinely; and Catalina Sky Survey, under the direction of Carson Fuls, has led the world in asteroid discoveries each year since 2005.
- The first American asteroid sample-return mission. OSIRIS-REx, with Professor Dante Lauretta as the Principal Investigator, was launched in 2016, arrived at asteroid Bennu in 2018, began its return to Earth in 2021, and is on track for Fall 2023 delivery.
- The OSIRIS-APEX mission, led by Assistant Professor Dani DellaGiustina, will reprise the discoveries of the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft at a second asteroid, Apophis.
- Several groups active in meteorite research, led by professors Jessica Barnes, Pierre Haenecour, Dante Lauretta, and Tom Zega.
- Research into the orbital evolution of the main asteroid belt and the Kuiper Belt, led by Regents Professor Renu Malhotra.
- LPL also has a long history of comet research, which continues with new and ongoing studies by Professor Walter Harris and Professor Emeritus Uwe Fink.




Small Bodies Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
William Boynton
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies
Dani Mendoza DellaGiustina
Assistant Professor, Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX
Earth, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Uwe Fink
Professor Emeritus
Small Bodies
Pierre Haenecour
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Walter Harris
Professor
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Ellen Howell
Research Professor
Small Bodies
Dante Lauretta
Director, Arizona Astrobiology Center, Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-REx, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Robert (Bob) McMillan
Research Professor (Retired)
Asteroid Surveys, Planetary Astronomy, Small Bodies
Michael Nolan
Deputy Principal Investigator, OSIRIS-APEX, Research Professor
Small Bodies
Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational AwarenessTimothy Swindle
Professor Emeritus
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Tom Zega
Professor
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small BodiesSmall Bodies Researchers

Namya Baijal
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Adam Battle
R&D Software Engineer, SPACE 4 Center
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Jacob Bernal
DCC Postdoctoral Research Associate (Zega), NSF Postdoctoral Fellow
Astrobiology, Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Melissa Brucker
Principal Investigator, Spacewatch, Research Scientist
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies
David Cantillo
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Rishi Chandra
PTYS Graduate Student
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Laura Chaves
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Matthew Chojnacki
DCC Associate Research (McEwen)
Photogrammetry, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Jason Corliss
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Samuel Crossley
Researcher/Scientist
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar SystemCarson Fuls
Director, Catalina Sky Survey, PTYS Graduate Student
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies
Dathon Golish
Mission Instrument and Observation Scientist
Photogrammetry, Small BodiesDevin Hoover
PTYS Graduate Student
Small Bodies
Kana Ishimaru
PTYS Graduate Student
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Steve Larson
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies
Cassandra Lejoly
Research Scientist/Observer, Spacewatch
Small Bodies
Kiana McFadden
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies
Robert Melikyan
PTYS Graduate Student
Orbital Dynamics, Small Bodies
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Sarah Sutton
Photogrammetry Program Lead, HiRISE, Researcher/Scientist
Earth, Lunar Studies, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Surfaces, Small BodiesSmall Bodies Support Staff

Dolores Hill
Research Specialist, Senior
Cosmochemistry, Small Bodies
Solar & Heliospheric
Solar and Heliospheric Research
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Solar and Heliospheric Research Group
The Lunar and Planetary Laboratory has had a long history studying the Sun’s atmosphere and magnetic field as it moves outward at supersonic speeds throughout the solar system until it encounters the local interstellar medium. The region of the interstellar space near the Sun that is ‘carved out’ by the solar wind is known as the Heliosphere. Current LPL researchers study many different aspects of the Heliosphere, including how it affects the transport of galactic cosmic rays within the solar system, as well as the acceleration and transport of high-energy solar particles, both of which comprise the space radiation environment. LPL researchers have had significant involvement in the Voyager spacecraft missions which are currently exploring the boundaries of the Heliosphere, as well as involvement with other spacecraft missions aimed at studying the Sun and solar wind, such as the Advanced Composition Explorer and Ulysses, and also in the "mission to touch the Sun," Parker Solar Probe.
Solar & Heliospheric Faculty

Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Walter Harris
Professor
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Kristopher Klein
Associate Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Jozsef Kota
Senior Research Scientist (Retired)
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical AstrophysicsSolar & Heliospheric Researchers

Jason Corliss
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Small Bodies, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Mark Giampapa
DCC Visiting Research Scholar (Giacalone)
Solar and Heliospheric Research
Jack Harvey
DCC Visiting Research Scholar (Giacalone)
Solar and Heliospheric Research
John Leibacher
DCC Visiting Research Scholar (Giacalone)
Solar and Heliospheric Research
Mihailo Martinović
Researcher/Scientist
Solar and Heliospheric ResearchCole Meyer
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Ashraf Moradi
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Solar and Heliospheric Research
Marcia Neugebauer
DCC Visiting Research Scientist (Giacalone)
Solar and Heliospheric Research
Tyler Reese
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Atmospheres, Solar and Heliospheric Research
Space Situational Awareness
Space Situational Awareness
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Orbital space around our Earth is congested, contested and competitive. Our research group is actively working to ensure sustainable management of this valuable resource for future generations. Our spectroscopy lab is capable of characterizing space material under space-like conditions so we can better interpret spectral properties of objects in Earth orbit and uniquely identify them. We have a dedicated telescope for collecting visible wavelength spectral data (0.35-1.0 µm) of space objects. Undergraduate engineering students built the RAPTORS telescope that will enable us to characterize objects in geostationary belt.
Projects related to small bodies include characterization of near-Earth asteroids for planetary defense, asteroid-meteorite link, rapid recovery of meteorites using radar and ground-based support for spacecraft missions. Space surveillance topics of interest include daytime imaging, telescopic and laboratory spectral characterization of space materials, sensor tasking, and cyber infrastructure for big data.
Space Situational Awareness Faculty

Vishnu Reddy
Professor
Cosmochemistry, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational AwarenessSpace Situational Awareness Researchers

Adam Battle
R&D Software Engineer, SPACE 4 Center
Asteroid Surveys, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
David Cantillo
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Stephen Schwartz
DCC Associate Staff Scientist (Asphaug)
Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Space Situational Awareness
Theoretical Astrophysics
Theoretical Astrophysics
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Theoretical Astrophysics Program
In 1985, the University of Arizona consolidated its traditional and long-standing strength in astronomy and planetary sciences through an interdisciplinary program in theoretical astrophysics that includes the departments of Physics, Astronomy, Planetary Sciences (LPL), and Applied Mathematics Departments, as well as the National Optical Astronomy Observatory. The Theoretical Astrophysics Program (TAP) administers a Monday colloquium series, graduate student research and recruitment prizes, a postdoctoral fellowship, and a visitor program.
Theoretical Astrophysics Faculty

Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Joe Giacalone
Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Kristopher Klein
Associate Professor
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Jozsef Kota
Senior Research Scientist (Retired)
Solar and Heliospheric Research, Theoretical Astrophysics
Renu Malhotra
Louise Foucar Marshall Science Research Professor, Regents Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Orbital Dynamics, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Sukrit Ranjan
Assistant Professor
Astrobiology, Earth, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical AstrophysicsTimothy Swindle
Professor Emeritus
Cosmochemistry, Lunar Studies, Small Bodies, Theoretical AstrophysicsTheoretical Astrophysics Researchers

Feng Long
Postdoctoral Research Associate, Sagan Fellow
Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics
Fuda Nguyen
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical AstrophysicsAnna Taylor
PTYS Graduate Student
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Theoretical Astrophysics
Titan & Outer Solar System
Titan & Outer Solar System
×Titan Media
Tour of Titan from Cassini-VIMS: 30 Years of Exploration
Video by Cassini VIMS team
The Cassini/VIMS team, based at LPL, has created an unparalleled map of Titan, which is a culmination of nearly 3 decades of effort by a diverse team of dedicated people. Custom mapping software sewed together the best Titan data collected during over 100 flybys of Saturn’s largest moon, and months of detailed adjustments to lighting and mosaic seams produced the most complete hyperspectral map of Titan in existence. This video commemorates our achievements—technical and artistic - and conveys in some small way the emotions felt by the group of dedicated people who worked on VIMS and Cassini-Huygens. This mission is a human achievement of the highest order, and for those who worked on it, pride in the mission will stay with us the rest of our lives.
Download (MP4 720P)
Additional Videos
- Approaching Titan a Billion Times Closer (MP4)
- The View from Huygens on January 14, 2005 (MP4)
- The Descent Imager/Spectral Radiometer During the Descent of Huygens onto Titan on January 14, 2005 (MP4)
- Read the Full Description
Titan & Outer Solar System Faculty

Jeffrey Andrews-Hanna
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Erik Asphaug
Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Shane Byrne
Professor
Astrobiology, Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Lynn Carter
Associate Department Head, Professor, University Distinguished Scholar
Earth, Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Caitlin Griffith
Professor Emeritus
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
William Hubbard
Professor Emeritus
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Tommi Koskinen
Associate Department Head, Associate Professor
Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Titan & Outer Solar System
Angela Marusiak
Assistant Research Professor
Lunar Studies, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Isamu Matsuyama
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Lunar Studies, Planetary Formation and Evolution, Planetary Geophysics, Theoretical Astrophysics, Titan & Outer Solar System
Roger Yelle
Professor
Astrobiology, Exoplanets, Planetary Atmospheres, Titan & Outer Solar SystemTitan & Outer Solar System Researchers

Claire Cook
PTYS Graduate Student
Photogrammetry, Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Ruby Fulford
PTYS Graduate Student
Astrobiology, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Small Bodies, Titan & Outer Solar System
Erich Karkoschka
Research Scientist/Senior Staff Scientist
Planetary Astronomy, Planetary Atmospheres, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Samantha Moruzzi
PTYS Graduate Student
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System
Wesley Tucker
Postdoctoral Research Associate
Planetary Analogs, Planetary Geophysics, Planetary Surfaces, Titan & Outer Solar System